Single electron tunneling (SET) transistor

ABSTRACT
The chief problem that are faced by chip designers are regarding the size of the chip. According to Moores„¢s Law, the number of transistors on a chip will approximately double every 18 to 24 months. Moore\'s Law works largely through shrinking transistors-the circuits that carry electrical signals. By shrinking transistors, designers can squeeze more transistors into a chip. However, more transistors means more electricity and heat compressed into an even smaller space. F ....etc

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SEMINAR ON-
CONVENTIONAL TUNNELLING
PRESENTED BY-
Namrata M. Lolge (09CM16F)
M. Tech. 1st sem
NITK
TUNNELLING TECHNIQUES



DEFINITION
A definition of Conventional Tunnelling can be the construction of underground openings of any shape with a cyclic construction process of-
1. excavation, by using the drill and blast methods or mechanical excavators (except any full face TBM)
2. mucking
3. placement of the primary support elements such as-
-steel ribs or lattice gir ....etc

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TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION
TT techniques include methods of pipeline & utility installations with minimum amount

of surface excavation
TT techniques are mainly divided into two main areas: TRENCHLESS CONSTRUCTION

METHODS(TCM) and TRENCHLESS RENEWAL METHODS(TRM)
TCM includes all methods for new utility & pipeline installations
TRM includes all methods of renewing, rehabilitating, or renovating an existing old

or host pipeline or utility system
Trenchless construction and ren ....etc

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Abstract
This paper presents an analytic current model for capacitively coupled Single-Electron Tunneling Transistors (SETTs) that is based on a modified M-state steady-state master equation. Based on this current model we also derive a current noise model for SETT. To validate the proposed models we calculate their characteristics at different device parameters and different operation temperatures and compare them with the corresponding characteristics calculated by the full master equation method. The results indicate that the propo ....etc

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Abstract
New nanotechnology-based devices are being researchedto replace CMOS devices in order to overcome CMOStechnology’s scaling limitations. However, many such devicesexhibit nonmonotonic I–V characteristics and uncertain propertieswhich lead to the negative differential resistance (NDR)problem and the chaotic performance. This paper proposes twonew circuit simulation approaches that can effectively simulatenanotechnology devices with uncertain input sources and negativedifferential resistance problem. A new tool called NanoSim ....etc

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ABSTRACT
Quantum Dots(QDs) are small conductive regions in a semiconductor, containing a number of charge carriers(from one to thousand) that occupy well defined discrete quantum states. They have typical dimensions between nanometers to a few microns .When the space at any side, around a material shrinks to 100Ã…, quantisation of the energy levels at the reduced side will occur. In quantum dots electrons are confined in all directions to a volume in space with dimensions on the order of their de Broglie wave lengt ....etc

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ABSTRACT:
The finite element program CRItical State Program (CRISP) has been used to model the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) in London Clay. The non-linear behavior of the London Clay was modeled by a Strain Dependent Modified Cam Clay (SDMCC) model and the tunnel lining was modeled by constant and time-dependent classic models. The construction process was modeled in two and three dimensions by removing soil elements in sequence. The tunnel lining was either assumed wished-in-place or introduced after the excavation of each pa ....etc

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ABSTRACT
Virtual Private Networks is a concept introduced to implement global Wide Area Network(WAN) on the Internet. This way enormous costs involved in the traditional implementation of these networks i.e. through dedicated lines or satellite links is reduced considerably. A way to maintain fast, secure and reliable communications is attained wherever the offices are.

In the VPN, Internet is used as the data pipelined replacing the traditional datalines. This approach is just right for small and medium sized busines ....etc

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INTRODUCTION
Since the fabrication of MOSFET, the minimum channel length has been shrinking continuously. The motivation behind this decrease has been an increasing interest in high speed devices and in very large scale integrated circuits. The sustained scaling of conventional bulk device requires innovations to circumvent the barriers of fundamental physics constraining the conventional MOSFET device structure. The limits most often cited are control of the density and location of dopants providing h ....etc

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MOBILE IP



Abstract


Mobile IP is a proposed standard protocol that builds on the Internet Protocol by making mobility transparent to applications and higher level protocols like TCP. Mobile IP (RFC 2002) is a standard proposed by a working group within the Internet Engineering Task Force; it allows the mobile node to use two IP addresses: a fixed home address and a care-of address that changes at each new point of attachment. The study describes how Mobile IP will change with IP version 6, the product of a major effort within the IE ....etc

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.
ABSTRACT
Magnetic RAM (MRAM) is a new memory technology with access and cost characteristics comparable to those of conventional dynamic RAM (DRAM) and the non-volatility of magnetic media such as disk. That is MRAM retains its memory even after removing power from the device. Such a non-volatile memory has important military applications for missiles and satellites. Clearly such a device could also have important commercial applications if the non-volatility were accomplished without impacting other properties of the m ....etc

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IPV4 vs IPV6
Presented by: BASHA K M
S7T2
College Of Engineering, Trivandrum
2007-11 batch


OUTLINE
IP Network Addressing
Classful IP addressing
Techniques to reduce address shortage in IPv4
Features of IPv6
Header Comparisons
Extension Headers
Conclusions
IP Network Addressing
INTERNET world’s largest public data network, doubling in size every nine months
IPv4, defines a 32-bit address - 232 (4,294,967,296) IPv4 addresses a ....etc

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abstract of analysis and design of G+3 building ....etc

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ABSTRACT
Virtual Private Networks is a concept introduced to implement global Wide Area Network(WAN) on the Internet. This way enormous costs involved in the traditional implementation of these networks i.e. through dedicated lines or satellite links is reduced considerably. A way to maintain fast, secure and reliable communications is attained wherever the offices are.

In the VPN, Internet is used as the data pipelined replacing the traditional datalines. This approach is just right for small and medium sized busines ....etc

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ABSTRACT
The Mobile IP protocol was designed to support seamless and continuous Internet connectivity for mobile computing devices such as notebook PCs, cell phones, PDAs, etc. Utilizing Mobile IP, the mobile computing device is able to stay connected as it moves about and changes its point of attachment to the Internet. Both home and local resources, such as location based services, instant messaging, and email, are continuously accessible.
This paper discusses the basic architecture and working of mobile ip, various is ....etc

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I request you to send some interesting topic for seminar ....etc

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TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION
TT techniques include methods of pipeline & utility installations with minimum amount

of surface excavation
TT techniques are mainly divided into two main areas: TRENCHLESS CONSTRUCTION

METHODS(TCM) and TRENCHLESS RENEWAL METHODS(TRM)
TCM includes all methods for new utility & pipeline installations
TRM includes all methods of renewing, rehabilitating, or renovating an existing old

or host pipeline or utility system
Trenchless construction and ren ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

The best optical microscopes can see structures in the 200 – 400 nm range, at their limits of resolution.
The STM can “see” structures on the order of 0.1 nm —another SPM, the AFM—can distinguish things on the order of 100 nm .
Optical microscopes are “diffraction limited”—the wavelength range of visible light (400-750 nm) sets the size of the smallest thing that can be imaged: ~ 400 nm.
Scanning Probe Microscopes don’t use visible light—they depend on measuring intermolecular ....etc

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