Single electron tunneling (SET) transistor

ABSTRACT
The chief problem that are faced by chip designers are regarding the size of the chip. According to Moores„¢s Law, the number of transistors on a chip will approximately double every 18 to 24 months. Moore\'s Law works largely through shrinking transistors-the circuits that carry electrical signals. By shrinking transistors, designers can squeeze more transistors into a chip. However, more transistors means more electricity and heat compressed into an even smaller space. F ....etc

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The best optical microscopes can see structures in the 200 – 400 nm range, at their limits of resolution.
The STM can “see” structures on the order of 0.1 nm —another SPM, the AFM—can distinguish things on the order of 100 nm .
Optical microscopes are “diffraction limited”—the wavelength range of visible light (400-750 nm) sets the size of the smallest thing that can be imaged: ~ 400 nm.
Scanning Probe Microscopes don’t use visible light—they depend on measuring intermolecular ....etc

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Abstract
This paper presents an analytic current model for capacitively coupled Single-Electron Tunneling Transistors (SETTs) that is based on a modified M-state steady-state master equation. Based on this current model we also derive a current noise model for SETT. To validate the proposed models we calculate their characteristics at different device parameters and different operation temperatures and compare them with the corresponding characteristics calculated by the full master equation method. The results indicate that the propo ....etc

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SEMINAR ON-
CONVENTIONAL TUNNELLING
PRESENTED BY-
Namrata M. Lolge (09CM16F)
M. Tech. 1st sem
NITK
TUNNELLING TECHNIQUES



DEFINITION
A definition of Conventional Tunnelling can be the construction of underground openings of any shape with a cyclic construction process of-
1. excavation, by using the drill and blast methods or mechanical excavators (except any full face TBM)
2. mucking
3. placement of the primary support elements such as-
-steel ribs or lattice gir ....etc

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INTRODUCTION
LARGE generators play a key role in power systems. Because they are expensive, unexpected breakdowns represent huge economic losses. High quality maintenance is therefore essential to ensure a high level of availability. In short, it is very important to ensure that large generators are in good repair and can run stably The vibration of stator bars caused by electromagnetic force exists in the operation of large generators and this is worsened by loose stator slot wedges. The severe vibration accel ....etc

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Abstract
New nanotechnology-based devices are being researchedto replace CMOS devices in order to overcome CMOStechnology’s scaling limitations. However, many such devicesexhibit nonmonotonic I–V characteristics and uncertain propertieswhich lead to the negative differential resistance (NDR)problem and the chaotic performance. This paper proposes twonew circuit simulation approaches that can effectively simulatenanotechnology devices with uncertain input sources and negativedifferential resistance problem. A new tool called NanoSim ....etc

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ABSTRACT:
The finite element program CRItical State Program (CRISP) has been used to model the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) in London Clay. The non-linear behavior of the London Clay was modeled by a Strain Dependent Modified Cam Clay (SDMCC) model and the tunnel lining was modeled by constant and time-dependent classic models. The construction process was modeled in two and three dimensions by removing soil elements in sequence. The tunnel lining was either assumed wished-in-place or introduced after the excavation of each pa ....etc

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this seminar seeks possiblity to preserve the compressive stress-induced micro cracks in concrete as they exist under applied loads. The results can be used to better understand and quantify the general relationship between stress level and crack development, as well as the effect of confinement on crack behavior. Also, it allows observations into the way small cracks are formed and then propagate in concrete, thereby making the application of fracture mechanics to concrete more accurate. Cylindrical specimens of concrete were subjected to test ....etc

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This article is presented by:1K.CHANDRASEKARAN 2K.ARUL JEYARAJ 3L.SAHAYASENTHAMIL
4DR. M.SARAVANANA NEW METHOD TO INCORPORATE FACTS DEVICES
IN OPTIMAL POWER FLOW USING PARTICLE SWARM
OPTIMIZATION

ABSTRACT
In this work, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for the solution of the optimal power flow (OPF) with use of controllable FACTS devices is studied. Two types of FACTS devices, thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) and thyristor-controlled phas ....etc

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A NEW INTERCONNECTING METHOD FOR WIND TURBINE/GENERATOR IN A WIND FARM
Presented by:
Aswin Das
EEE
College Of Engineering, Trivandrum



CONTENTS
Objectives
Introduction
Selection of site
New method
How system works
Basic equations
Measures against halt
Operating methods
Control strategies
Basic characteristics


OBJECTIVES
A new interconnecting method for wind turbine/generator is proposed.
Through this method electrical energy of ....etc

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