ABSTRACT
PON-based access networks envisage the demonstration of scalability to allow gradual deployment of time and
wavelength multiplexed architectures in a single-platform without changes in fibre infrastructure and also
highly-efficient bandwidth allocation for service provision and upgrade on-demand. This is achieved by the
application of coarse-fine grooming to route reflective-ONUs of time and wavelength PONs collectively and the
development of MAC protocols enabling the OLT to dynamically assign available time slots among O ....etc

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WDM Concept and Components


Why WDM?

Capacity upgrade of existing fiber networks (without adding fibers)

Transparency: Each optical channel can carry any transmission format (different asynchronous bit rates, analog or digital)

Scalability– Buy and install equipment for additional demand as needed

Wavelength routing and switching: Wavelength is used as another dimension to time and space


WDM, CWDM and DWDM

WDM technology uses multiple wa ....etc

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CWDM
ABSTRACT
Sending and receiving of messages from one place | U) another has always been a matter of great importance. So we should select the proper ! communication systems. Today optical fiber communication is widely used because of its advantages.
An important issue in the field of communication is the effective utilization of the capacity of a communication channel. Inorderto increase the capacity we use multiplexing techniques. WDM is a technique where modulated light from several sources of distinct wavelengths ....etc

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ABSTRACT
FTTx is a network where an optical fiber runs from the telephone switch to the subscriber's premises - business or home. For the past few years, telecom companies have been working diligently to provide us with pseudo-broadband Internet connections over copper (DSL) and cable (cable modem), with practical speeds of up to 1.5 Mbps. No doubt improvements will be made over the next few years to squeeze more out of copper and cable, but it doesn't matter, because fiber to the home is coming, and it will be here faster than most people pre ....etc

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CWDM
ABSTRACT
Sending and receiving of messages from one place | U) another has always been a matter of great importance. So we should select the proper ! communication systems. Today optical fiber communication is widely used because of its advantages.
An important issue in the field of communication is the effective utilization of the capacity of a communication channel. Inorderto increase the capacity we use multiplexing techniques. WDM is a technique where modulated light from several sources of distinct wavelengths ....etc

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Long-Reach Optical Access Technologies

Abstract


A number of leading long-reach optical access technologies are examined. It gives the economic arguments behind the technologies.

1. Introduction


As broadband uptake increases globally, the services offered are becoming increasingly bandwidth-intensive. A service that continues to increase bandwidth requirements is high-definition television (HDTV), which requires in the region of 8 Mb/s per channel. For telecommunication networks to support a single channel of HDTV plus data and ....etc

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CWDM
ABSTRACT
Sending and receiving of messages from one place | U) another has always been a matter of great importance. So we should select the proper ! communication systems. Today optical fiber communication is widely used because of its advantages.
An important issue in the field of communication is the effective utilization of the capacity of a communication channel. Inorderto increase the capacity we use multiplexing techniques. WDM is a technique where modulated light from several sources of distinct wavelengths ....etc

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Introduction
LAN forms basis of all commercial,research,and data communication networks.Recently an increase in applications demand significantly higher band width. Ethernet is an easy to understand and extremely cost-effective technology. For these reasons, 98% of local area network (LAN) connections are now Ethernet based.
To meet this,high speed LAN types have been developed ,including a number of variations of basic ethernetLANs. CSMA/CD(carrier sense multiple access with collision detection) is used widely in ....etc

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Looking to get orientation in NEBOSH training courses from Qatar? From NEBOSH environmental Safety training to international general certificate, we help you in all. ....etc

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Introducing DWDM
The following discussion provides some background on why dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is an important innovation in optical networks and what benefits it can provide. We begin with a high-level view of the segments of the global network and the economic forces driving the revolution in fiber optic networks. We then examine the differences between traditional time-division multiplexing (TDM) and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Finally, we explore the advantages of this new technology. ....etc

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SEMINAR ON OPTICAL BURST SWITCHING (OBS)

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ABSTRACT
Optical Burst Switching is a promising hybrid approach between coarse grain optical circuit switching and fine grain optical packet switching. burst switching (OBS) is proposed as a way to streamline both protocol and hardware in building the future generation Optical Internet. Byleveraging the attractive properties of optical communications and at the same time, taking into account its limitations, OBS combines the best of optical circuit switching and packet/c ....etc

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