Introduction
LAN forms basis of all commercial,research,and data communication networks.Recently an increase in applications demand significantly higher band width. Ethernet is an easy to understand and extremely cost-effective technology. For these reasons, 98% of local area network (LAN) connections are now Ethernet based.
To meet this,high speed LAN types have been developed ,including a number of variations of basic ethernetLANs. CSMA/CD(carrier sense multiple access with collision detection) is used widely in ....etc

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Fundamentals of Passive Optical Network – Components & its Variants


Passive Optical Network
•Passive optical elements (splitter, coupler, …) based optical distribution network
•Special form of FTTC or FTTH
•Physical star, but logical bus
•Cost effective technology for distribution services
•No powering of remote electronics
•Eliminates need for conditioned enclosures
•Transparent to signal formats
•Simplifies future upgrades


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Abstract:
A passive optical network (PON) is a point-to-multipoint, fiber to the premises network architecture in which unpowered optical splitters utilizing Brewster's angle principles are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises, typically 32-128. A PON consists of an optical line terminal (OLT) at the service provider's central office and a number of optical network units (ONUs) near end users. A PON configuration reduces the amount of fiber and central office equipment required compared with point to point architec ....etc

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Abstract:
Ethernet has become the communications interface of choice for devices deeper and deeper into the network. The vast majority of users of the global Internet and corporate intranets see the Ethernet jack as their interface to the outside word. The scope of Ethernet was originally restricted to 10 Mbps interfaces and connections within the same Local Area Network (LAN) but has since expanded to cover a wide range of rates and extend across the campus as well. More universal than any other communications interface, the Ethernet jack ha ....etc

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1.1 THE MOTIVATION FOR PON
One of the most critical decisions for any business involves the purchase of capital equipment. The two important factors which influences this decision are equipment cost and the resulting revenue potential. Service providers face this decision when upgrading existing access networks, and they want to minimize the cost and maximizing the revenue potential. Thus, the most important decision the service provider makes when purchasing network equipment ....etc

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Abstract;
Optical Ethernet is the technology that extends Ethernet beyond the local-area network (LAN) and into metropolitan-area networks (MANs) and wide-area networks (WANs),The adoption to the economical bi-directional optical Ethernet system with one fiber has increased rapidly at optical distribution network in the domestic market because of the explosive increase of the number of broadband access subscriber in recent years, and system can provides 100Mbps transmission to each subscriber and has high accommodation performance for subscrib ....etc

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Abstract
A Gigabit Ethernet passive optical network (GE-PON)
The GE-PON includes an optical line terminal (OLT), a plurality of optical couplers, and a plurality of optical network units (ONUs). The OLT sets up an active page link and a standby page link in response to a registration request message received over an optical cable. Each of the ONUs is doubly connected with the OLT via the optical cable and is adapted to transmit the registration request message to the OLT, form the active page link with the OLT via the optical cable if it re ....etc

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SEND ME THE SEMINAR REPORT ON ethernet passive optical network ....etc

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greenfield PON networks was deployed to minimize the costs. This technique uses an efficient heuristic called the Recursive Association and Relocation Algorithm (RARA) to solve the optimization problem. This algorithm can significantly reduce the PON network deployment costs compared to an
intuitive random-cut sectoring approach. The method of cable conduit sharing is proposed to extend to RARA. The studies and analysis shows that there are saturating trends for the PON deployment costs. three system parameters are used viz. optical spli ....etc

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Ethernet passive optical networks (EPON) are an emerging access network technology that provides a low-cost method of deploying optical access lines between a carrier's central office (CO) and a customer site. EPONs build on the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) standard G.983 for asynchronous transfer mode PONs (APON) and seek to bring to life the dream of a full-services access network (FSAN) that delivers converged data, video, and voice over a single optical access system.
The communications industry is on the cusp of a revolut ....etc

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