Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is a fiber-optic transmission technique that employs light wavelengths to transmit data parallel-by-bit or serial-by-character.

The role of scalable DWDM systems in enabling service providers to accommodate consumer demand for ever-increasing amounts of bandwidth is important. DWDM is discussed as a crucial component of optical networks that allows the transmission of e-mail, video, multimedia, data, and voice”carried in Internet protocol (IP), asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), and synchro ....etc

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Introducing DWDM
The following discussion provides some background on why dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is an important innovation in optical networks and what benefits it can provide. We begin with a high-level view of the segments of the global network and the economic forces driving the revolution in fiber optic networks. We then examine the differences between traditional time-division multiplexing (TDM) and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Finally, we explore the advantages of this new technology. ....etc

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CWDM
ABSTRACT
Sending and receiving of messages from one place | U) another has always been a matter of great importance. So we should select the proper ! communication systems. Today optical fiber communication is widely used because of its advantages.
An important issue in the field of communication is the effective utilization of the capacity of a communication channel. Inorderto increase the capacity we use multiplexing techniques. WDM is a technique where modulated light from several sources of distinct wavelengths ....etc

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SEMINAR ON OPTICAL BURST SWITCHING (OBS)

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ABSTRACT
Optical Burst Switching is a promising hybrid approach between coarse grain optical circuit switching and fine grain optical packet switching. burst switching (OBS) is proposed as a way to streamline both protocol and hardware in building the future generation Optical Internet. Byleveraging the attractive properties of optical communications and at the same time, taking into account its limitations, OBS combines the best of optical circuit switching and packet/c ....etc

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implimentation of can using vhdl

Presented by:
N.D Ramesh
Mohit Gupta
Arun Batra

Introduction to CAN

CAN is a multi-master broadcast serial bus standard for connecting electronic control units (ECUs).

Each node is able to send and receive messages, but not simultaneously.

The devices that are connected by a CAN network are typically sensors, actuators and control devices. A CAN message never reaches these devices directly, but instead a host-processor and a CAN Controller is needed betw ....etc

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CWDM
ABSTRACT
Sending and receiving of messages from one place | U) another has always been a matter of great importance. So we should select the proper ! communication systems. Today optical fiber communication is widely used because of its advantages.
An important issue in the field of communication is the effective utilization of the capacity of a communication channel. Inorderto increase the capacity we use multiplexing techniques. WDM is a technique where modulated light from several sources of distinct wavelengths ....etc

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ABSTRACT

The technology of combining a number of optical wavelengths and then transmitting the same through a single fibre is called wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Conceptually, the technology is similar to that of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) used in analogue transmission. Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is anew born multiplexing technology in the fibre optic transmission, bringing about a revolution in the bit rate carrying capacity over a single fibre. The emergent of DWDM system is on ....etc

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Automatic meter reading (AMR) is the technology of automatically collecting data from energy metering devices (water, gas, and electric) and transferring that data to a central database for billing and/or analyzing ....etc

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VLSI Design and Implementation of Low Power MAC Unit with
Block Enabling Technique

Abstract
In the majority of digital signal processing (DSP) applications the critical operations
are the multiplication and accumulation. Real-time signal processing requires high speed
and high throughput Multiplier-Accumulator (MAC) unit that consumes low power, which
is always a key to achieve a high performance digital signal processing system. The
purpose of this work is, design and implementation of a low power MAC uni ....etc

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ABSTRACT
During the last two decades, there has been an exponential growth in the operational speed of microprocessors. Also RAM capacities have been improving at more than fifty percent per year. However the speed and access time of the memory have been improving at slower rate. In order to keep up in performance and reliability with processor technology it is necessary to make considerable improvements in the memory access time.
The Rambus founders emerged with a memory technology-RD RAM. RDRAM memory provides the h ....etc

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VLSI Realization Process
Intel Processor Sizes
Full Custom Design
ASIC Design
FPGA Architecture - Layout
Island FPGAs
Array of functional units
Horizontal and vertical routing channels connecting the functional units
Versatile switch boxes
Example: Xilinx, Altera
Row-based FPGAs
Like standard cell design
Rows of logic blocks
Routing channels (fixed width) between rows of logic
Example: Actel FPGAs
VHDL
VHDL:
WELL SUITED FOR PLD,CPLD,FPGA AND ASIC ALSO.
CAPACITY 500 TO 1LK GATES
BRINGS LARGER CIRCUI ....etc

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