ABSTRACT
Free Space Optics (FSO) or Optical Wireless, refers to the transmission of modulated visible or infrared (IR) beams through the air to obtain optical communications. Like fiber, Free Space Optics (FSO) uses lasers to transmit data, but instead of enclosing the data stream in a glass fiber, it is transmitted through the air. It is a secure, cost-effective alternative to other wireless connectivity options. This form of delivering communication has a lot of compelling advantages.
Data rates comparab ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Optical Networking
Outline
Introduction
First Generation Optical Networks
Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)
Synchronous Optical Network/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SONET/SDH)
Second Generation Optical Networks
Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)
Optical Networking Components
Wavelength Routing Networks

Introduction(1)
Advantages of Optical Transmission
Large bandwidth permits high data transmission, which also supports the aggregation of voice, video, and data
Technological improvements are ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

ABSTRACT
Free space optics ( FSO ) is a line-of-sight technology that currently enables optical transmission up to 2.5 Gbps of data, voice, and video communications through the air , allowing optical connectivity without deploying fiber optic cables or securing spectrum licenses. FSO system can carry full duplex data at giga bits per second rates over Metropolitan distances of a few city blocks of few kms. FSO, also known as optical wireless, overcomes this last-mile access bottleneck by sending high “b ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

ABSTRACT
Free Space Optics (FSO) or Optical Wireless, refers to the transmission of modulated visible or infrared (IR) beams through the air to obtain optical communications. Like fiber, Free Space Optics (FSO) uses lasers to transmit data, but instead of enclosing the data stream in a glass fiber, it is transmitted through the air. It is a secure, cost-effective alternative to other wireless connectivity options. This form of delivering communication has a lot of compelling advantages.
Data rates comparab ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is a fiber-optic transmission technique that employs light wavelengths to transmit data parallel-by-bit or serial-by-character.

The role of scalable DWDM systems in enabling service providers to accommodate consumer demand for ever-increasing amounts of bandwidth is important. DWDM is discussed as a crucial component of optical networks that allows the transmission of e-mail, video, multimedia, data, and voice”carried in Internet protocol (IP), asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), and synchro ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

ABSTRACT

The technology of combining a number of optical wavelengths and then transmitting the same through a single fibre is called wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Conceptually, the technology is similar to that of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) used in analogue transmission. Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is anew born multiplexing technology in the fibre optic transmission, bringing about a revolution in the bit rate carrying capacity over a single fibre. The emergent of DWDM system is on ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

ABSTRACT
Free Space Optics (FSO) or Optical Wireless, refers to the transmission of modulated visible or infrared (IR) beams through the air to obtain optical communications. Like fiber, Free Space Optics (FSO) uses lasers to transmit data, but instead of enclosing the data stream in a glass fiber, it is transmitted through the air. It is a secure, cost-effective alternative to other wireless connectivity options. This form of delivering communication has a lot of compelling advantages.
Data rates comparab ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

INTRODUCTION
When we talk about optical communication, most people think about optical-fiber. But optical communication is also possible without optical-fiber. We know that light travels through air for a lot less money. This makes possible the optical communication without optical-fiber. Optical communication without fiber is known as Free Space Optics. It is used due to economic advantages. Since the introduction of internet the backbone traffic is increasing at the rate greater than 100%, hence the owner of the backbone ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

In a WDM system, each of the wavelengths is launched into the fiber, and the signals are demultiplexed at the receiving end. Like TDM, the resulting capacity is an aggregate of the input signals, but WDM carries each input signal independently of the others. This means that each channel has its own dedicated bandwidth; all signals arrive at the same time, rather than being broken up and carried in time slots. The difference between WDM and dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is fundamentally than does WDM, and therefore has a greater ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Introducing DWDM
The following discussion provides some background on why dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is an important innovation in optical networks and what benefits it can provide. We begin with a high-level view of the segments of the global network and the economic forces driving the revolution in fiber optic networks. We then examine the differences between traditional time-division multiplexing (TDM) and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Finally, we explore the advantages of this new technology. ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]