Posing a great challenge to the traditional Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) in various applications, CMOS image sensors have improvised themselves with time, finding solutions for the problems related with the noise and sensitivity. The use of Active Pixel Sensors having its foundation with the sub-micron technologies have helped to attain low power, low voltage and monolithic integration allowing. The manufacture of miniaturised single-chip digital cameras is an example of this technology.

The incorporation of advanced techniques at the chip ....etc

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ABSTRACT
A pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture suitable for high-speed (150 MHz), Nyquist-rate A/D conversion is presented. At the input of the converter, two parallel track-and-hold circuits are used to separately drive the sub-ADC of a 2.8-b first pipeline stage and the input to two time-interleaved residue generation paths. Beyond the first pipeline stage, each residue path includes a cascade of two 1.5-b pipeline stages followed by a 4-b “backend” folding ADC. The full-scale re ....etc

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BUILT IN SELF TEST FOR A CMOS ALU

Abstract:- A technique is proposed for implementing BIST (built-in self-test) in a CMOS arithmetic and logic unit (ALU). The approach covers single stuck-open faults and all functional faults that do not induce memory effects. The specific fault set covered by the test includes: (1) all single stuck-open faults on n and p transistors anywhere in the ALU (F1 faults); and (2) all functional faults that affect any single-bit slice of the (F2 faults), a functional fault being any fault that changes one combinati ....etc

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ABSTRACT

A pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture suitable for high-speed (150 MHz), Nyquist-rate A/D conversion is presented. At the input of the converter, two parallel track-and-hold circuits are used to separately drive the sub-ADC of a 2.8-b first pipeline stage and the input to two time-interleaved residue generation paths. Beyond the first pipeline stage, each residue path includes a cascade of two 1.5-b pipeline stages followed by a 4-b backend folding ADC. The full-scale residue range at the output of the pipeline ....etc

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CMOS based photodetection systems for biomedical application
Dhanya Balan
s7 AEI
Roll.no.20
College Of Engineering, Trivandrum
2007-11 batch


Overview
Introduction.
Designs,results and discussions.
Cmos imagers.
Conclusions.
References.

Introduction
Introduction.
Designs,results and discussions.
Cmos imagers.
Conclusions.
References.

CMOS based systems
Cheap
Low power
High integration
Widespread applications

Flourescent imaging
Analysis of fl ....etc

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1. INTRODUCTION

GLOBAL Positioning System (GPS) receivers for the consumer market require solutions that are compact, cheap, and low power. Manufacturers of cellular telephones, portable computers, watches, and other mobile devices are looking for ways to embed GPS into their products. Thus, there is a strong motivation to provide highly integrated solutions at the lowest possible power consumption. GPS radios consist of a front-end and a digital baseband section incorporating a digital processor. While for the baseband processor, cost-reduc ....etc

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A Low-Light CMOS Contact Imager With an Emission Filter for Biosensing Applications
In the article is described a fully functional low light 128 128
contact image sensor for cell detection in biosensing applications. 0.18micrometer CMOS technology is used to fabricate it. It has a low-noise operation by employing both a modified version
of the active reset (AR) technique. for
fluorescence imaging, we need High-sensitivity and low noise performance. These attributes are inegrated into this sensor. an emission filter is specially fab ....etc

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CCD vs. CMOS


Posing a great challenge to the traditional Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) in various applications, CMOS image sensors have improvised themselves with time, finding solutions for the problems related with the noise and sensitivity. The use of Active Pixel Sensors having its foundation with the sub-micron technologies have helped to attain low power, low voltage and monolithic integration allowing. The manufacture of miniaturised single-chip digital cameras is an example of this technology.
The incorporation of advanced techn ....etc

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ABSTRACT
A single-chip CMOS Global Positioning System (GPS) radio has been integrated using only a couple of external passive components for the input matching network and one external reference for the synthesizer. The receiver downconverts the GPS L1 signal at 1575.42 MHz to an IF of 9.45 MHz. The complete front-end and frequency synthesizer section have been integrated: low noise amplifier, image rejection mixer, IF active filter, and the full phase-locked loop synthesizer, including voltage-controlled osci ....etc

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LOW POWER VLSI On CMOS

Submitted by:
K.Nagendra


Why we go to Low Power..


PORTABILITY:
Enhanced run-time, Reduced weight, Reduced volume, Low cost operation
High Performance:
Low-cost cooling, Low-cost packaging, Low-cost operation
RELIABILITY:
Avoid thermal problems
Avoid scaling related problems



Where Does Power Go In CMOS

Dynamic Power Consumption : Charging and Discharging Capacitors
Short Circuit Currents : Short circuit path

between supply rails during switching
Leakage: Leakage d ....etc

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