monitoring and controlling of substation using traiac

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monitoring and controlling of substation using triac

monitoring and controlling of substation using triac

Monitoring and controlling of substations are essential task for supplying healthy power to the consumers in this automated era. Depending on the voltage levels and end users, there are transmission or distribution substations those supply electrical power to various loads. Remote monitoring and control make these substations to be operated through wireless communication technologies like GSM, GPRS, Ethernet, etc.

Substations consist of various equipment like transformers, circuit breakers, relays, APFC panels, etc., and these equipment ought to be operated in such a way that the loads must be delivered safely with specified parameters. These parameters include voltage, current, frequency, power factor, temperature, and so on.

The following GSM based projects deal with substation monitoring and controlling aspects:

1. Microcontroller-Based Substation Monitoring and Control System with GSM Modem

This system acquires a remote substation’s parameters like voltage, current, frequency, etc., via GSM network using GSM modem or mobile. It allows the remote operator to operate relays, circuit breakers and buzzers, and facilitates the display of various parameters in the LCD that is interfaced to the microcontroller.
In this project a microcontroller acts as a central controlling device that accepts the inputs and correspondingly controls the outputs, as shown in the above figure. The microcontroller is programmed in such a way that it sends the input parameters in the field side to a remote GSM mobile through the GSM networks, periodically.

Similarly, it receives the control signals that are sent from the operators, and in accordance with those signals, it controls the relays and buzzers. At times when current exceeds their limits, the microcontroller automatically trips the circuit breakers and sends that information to the user by SMS.

Thus, this is a simple and low-cost type of GSM-based project that helps students to get a basic idea about the substation automation. With this system, a user can add more than two mobile numbers to receive and control the substation equipment.