Introduction to underwater optical communication
¢ The future tactical ocean environment will be increasingly complicated.
¢ In addition to traditional communication links there will be a proliferation of unmanned vehicles in space, in the air, on the surface, and underwater
¢ Under water, where radio waves do not propagate, acoustic methods will continue to be used.


Free Space Optics Concepts
Free-space optics (FSO) is a line-of-sight (LOS) page link that utilizes the use of lasers or lig ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Abstract
While wireless communication technology today has become part of our daily life, the idea of wireless undersea communications may still seem far-fetched. However, research has been active for over a decade on designing the methods for wireless information transmission underwater. Human knowledge and understanding of the worldâ„¢s oceans, which constitute the major part of our planet, rests on our ability to collect information from remote undersea locations.
The major discoveries of the pa ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Definition
Nano electronic devices fall into two classes: tunnel devices and ballistic transport devices. In Tunnel devices single electron effects occur if the tunnel resistance is larger than h/e = 25 K ?U. In Ballistic devices with cross sectional dimensions in the range of quantum mechanical wavelength of electrons, the resistance is of order h/e = 25 K ?U. This high resistance may seem to restrict the operational speed of nano electronics in general. However the capacitance values and drain source spacing are typically small which gives r ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Introduction to underwater optical communication
¢ The future tactical ocean environment will be increasingly complicated.
¢ In addition to traditional communication links there will be a proliferation of unmanned vehicles in space, in the air, on the surface, and underwater
¢ Under water, where radio waves do not propagate, acoustic methods will continue to be used.


Free Space Optics Concepts
Free-space optics (FSO) is a line-of-sight (LOS) page link that utilizes the use of lasers or lig ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

SCATTERING PARAMETERS OF CIRCULATOR

SCATTERING PARAMETERS OF CIRCULATOR


AIM: To study the operation of ferrite circulator and hence measure
i. Insertion loss ii. Isolation iii. And to determining S parameters

EQUIPMENT: Microwave Source (RKO/GO), Isolator, Variable Attenuator, Frequency meter, Slotted line , Tunable probe with detector, detector mount with detector, VSWR meter, Circulator and Matched Terminations-2.

THEORY: The circulator is a multi port junction that permits transmission ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

ABSTRACT
BLAST is a wireless communications technique which uses multi-element antennas at both transmitter and receiver to permit transmission rates far in excess of those possible using conventional approaches.
In wireless systems, radio waves do not propagate simply from transmit antenna to receive antenna, but bounce and scatter randomly off objects in the environment. This scattering known as multipath, as it results in multiple copies (images) of the transmitted sign arriving at the receiver via diff ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

SBS animation Are you looking for stimulated brillouin scattering animation download ?
Type your request / requirement / comment about stimulated brillouin scattering animation download in to the right box for getting free material and support from us/dedicated premium members...
Its a free service...==>
==>
==>
==>
Dont forget to save this page.>!
Scroll down to see Save button...! ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Definition
Nano electronic devices fall into two classes: tunnel devices and ballistic transport devices. In Tunnel devices single electron effects occur if the tunnel resistance is larger than h/e = 25 K ?U. In Ballistic devices with cross sectional dimensions in the range of quantum mechanical wavelength of electrons, the resistance is of order h/e = 25 K ?U. This high resistance may seem to restrict the operational speed of nano electronics in general. However the capacitance values and drain source spacing are typically small which gives r ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) is an X-ray diffraction technique that is often used to determine the crystalline structure of polymers. This technique refers to the analysis of Bragg Peaks scattered to wide angles, implies that they are caused by sub-nanometer sized structures.Wide angle x-ray scattering is the same technique as Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) with the distance from sample to the detector is shorter and thus diffraction maxima at larger angles are observed.The technique is a time-honored but a somewhat out-of-favor tec ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

AC Performance Of Nanoelectronics

Nano electronic devices fall into two classes: tunnel devices and ballistic transport devices. In Tunnel devices single electron effects occur if the tunnel resistance is larger than h/e = 25 K §Ù. In Ballistic devices with cross sectional dimensions in the range of quantum mechanical wavelength of electrons, the resistance is of order h/e = 25 K §Ù. This high resistance may seem to restrict the operational speed of nano electron ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

CONDUCTIVITY σ ,FERMI LEVEL ,
MEAN FREE PATH &
RELAXATION TIME ť
FOR TYPICAL MONO-VALENT METALS
IS SHOWN IN TABLE

The conductivity σ may be obtained experimentally .
Further we can get ť by using eqn given below
σ = ( n*Qe2 *ť )/me ---------(1)
but ť obtained may not be accurate but we will get an idea of magnitude of ť . In a monovalent metal no of free e- /m3 is equals the no of atoms /m3 . From table we find that relaxation time T is of the order of 10-14 sec .Thus we can ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

ABSTRACT

In wire less transmission the radio waves do not simply propagate from transmit to receive antenna, but bounce and scatter randomly off objects in the environment. This scattering is known as multipath as it results in multiple copies of transmitted signals, arriving at the receiver via different scattered paths. In conventional wireless systems, multipath represents a significant impediment to accurate transmission, because the images arrive at the receiver at slightly different times and can thus interfere destructively, canceling ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Laser Communication Systems

Introduction
Lasers have been considered for space communications since their realization in 1960. Specific advancements were needed in component performance and system engineering particularly for space qualified hardware. Advances in system architecture, data formatting and component technology over the past three decades have made laser communications in space not only viable but also an attractive approach into inter satellite page link applications.

Information ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

ABSTRACT
BLAST is a wireless communications technique which uses multi-element antennas at both transmitter and receiver to permit transmission rates far in excess of those possible using conventional approaches.
In wireless systems, radio waves do not propagate simply from transmit antenna to receive antenna, but bounce and scatter randomly off objects in the environment. This scattering known as multipath, as it results in multiple copies (images) of the transmitted sign arriving at the receiver via diff ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Presented By:
Y. Phaneendra Kumar and R. M. Vasu
Department of Instrumentation, Indian Institute of Science
Abstract-
For near infrared imaging of neonatal head surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid layer, we have developed an imaging modality, which uses perturbation Monte-Carlo estimation of Jacobian of the forward model for photon propagation. In this case, we have shown that the conventional techniques, which uses diffusion approximation for light transport in tissue, fails to give the reconstruction of tissue optical prope ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]