Laser Micro-Patterning by Means of Optical Fibers with Micro-grinded Lens End Faces




Introduction

Nano-patterning of polymer surface has found a wide range of applications including biotechnology, where holes in the size of hundreds – nm can influence the growth and differentiation of relatively large living cells . Instead of the e-beam patterning technique used in the Ref. 1, we ap-plied direct writing by laser-light. In our previous papers , w ....etc

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Wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) is an X-ray diffraction technique that is often used to determine the crystalline structure of polymers. This technique refers to the analysis of Bragg Peaks scattered to wide angles, implies that they are caused by sub-nanometer sized structures.Wide angle x-ray scattering is the same technique as Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) with the distance from sample to the detector is shorter and thus diffraction maxima at larger angles are observed.The technique is a time-honored but a somewhat out-of-favor tec ....etc

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Presented By:
Y. Phaneendra Kumar and R. M. Vasu
Department of Instrumentation, Indian Institute of Science
Abstract-
For near infrared imaging of neonatal head surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid layer, we have developed an imaging modality, which uses perturbation Monte-Carlo estimation of Jacobian of the forward model for photon propagation. In this case, we have shown that the conventional techniques, which uses diffusion approximation for light transport in tissue, fails to give the reconstruction of tissue optical prope ....etc

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what is the spontaneous emission and what is the stimulated emission ppt? ....etc

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presented by:
K.Raghava Vamsi
L.Naga prasad


ROF net-Transmission of RF Signals over Optical Fibers Using Radio Over Fiber Technology
Abstract- Radio over fiber technology is a combination of wireless and fiber optic networks, is an essential and emerging technology in the field of wireless communications, which can be used in a range of applications including the extension of existing radio coverage and capacity. Obviously, we ....etc

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vibration measurement in transformer using optical fibers /for seminar ....etc

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SCATTERING PARAMETERS OF CIRCULATOR

SCATTERING PARAMETERS OF CIRCULATOR


AIM: To study the operation of ferrite circulator and hence measure
i. Insertion loss ii. Isolation iii. And to determining S parameters

EQUIPMENT: Microwave Source (RKO/GO), Isolator, Variable Attenuator, Frequency meter, Slotted line , Tunable probe with detector, detector mount with detector, VSWR meter, Circulator and Matched Terminations-2.

THEORY: The circulator is a multi port junction that permits transmission ....etc

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CONDUCTIVITY σ ,FERMI LEVEL ,
MEAN FREE PATH &
RELAXATION TIME ť
FOR TYPICAL MONO-VALENT METALS
IS SHOWN IN TABLE

The conductivity σ may be obtained experimentally .
Further we can get ť by using eqn given below
σ = ( n*Qe2 *ť )/me ---------(1)
but ť obtained may not be accurate but we will get an idea of magnitude of ť . In a monovalent metal no of free e- /m3 is equals the no of atoms /m3 . From table we find that relaxation time T is of the order of 10-14 sec .Thus we can ....etc

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