Lithium ion cells packaged in aluminium cans continue to be the highest performing cells in the market. Circuit protection for rechargeable lithium-based battery cells and packs in a critical design consideration. overcurrent and overtemperature conduction that can result from accidental shorting or abusive/runaway charging can raise temperature high enough to damage components and cause substantial damage. This paper presents the use of PPTC devices for short-circuit and overcharge of battery packs. Polymeric positive temperature coefficient [ ....etc

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Introduction

A new simple, effective and inexpensive method for lightning protection of medium voltage overhead distribution line is using long flashover arresters (LFA). A new long flashover arrester model has been developed. It is designated as LFA-M. It offers great number of technical and economical advantages.

The important feature of this modular long flashover arrester (LFA-M) is that it can be applied for lightning protection of overhead distribution line against both induced overvoltages and direct lightning strokes. The induce ....etc

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Voltage surges are unpredictable, momentary increases in voltage. Typically, lightning, inductive switching, or power switching cause surges, which can damage the insulation in building wiring, electrical appliances, or electronic equipment.

Power surges, which can create havoc with today's highly sensitive electrical and electronic equipment, are an unavoidable fact of life. Power surges, both voltage and current, are occurring continually in today?s power systems.

Whether they occur naturally, such as from lightning and static electri ....etc

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Abstract—There are two main approaches, static and dynamic, to broadcast algorithms in wireless ad hoc networks. In the static approach, local algorithms determine the status (forwarding/nonforwarding) of each node proactively based on local topology information and a globally known priority function. In this paper, we first show that local broadcast algorithms based on the static approach cannot achieve a good approximation factor to the optimum solution (an NP-hard problem). However, we show that a constant approximation factor is achievabl ....etc

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Lithium ion cells packaged in aluminium cans continue to be the highest performing cells in the market. Circuit protection for rechargeable lithium-based battery cells and packs in a critical design consideration.

overcurrent and overtemperature conduction that can result from accidental shorting or abusive/runaway charging can raise temperature high enough to damage components and cause substantial damage.

This paper presents the use of PPTC devices for short-circuit ....etc

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Surge current protection using superconductors

Introduction
The recent growth of power circuit capacities has caused fault currents to increase. Since the protection of power systems from the fault currents is very important, it is needed to develop a fault current limiter.

A fault current limiter is required to assure (1) rapid reaction to fault currents, (2) how impedance in normal operation and (3) large impedance during fault conditions. A super conducting fault current limiter (SCFCL) can meet these requirements superconductors, bec ....etc

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Lightning Protection Using LFA-M

Introduction
A new simple, effective and inexpensive method for lightning protection of medium voltage overhead distribution line is using long flashover arresters (LFA). A new long flashover arrester model has been developed.

It is designated as LFA-M. It offers great number of technical and economical advantages. The important feature of this modular long flashover arrester (LFA-M) is that it can be applied for lightning protection of overhead distribution line against both induced overvoltages and dire ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

The recent growth of power circuit capacities has caused fault currents to increase. Since the protection of power systems from the fault currents is very important, it is needed to develop a fault current limiter.

A fault current limiter is required to assure (1) rapid reaction to fault currents, (2) how impedance in normal operation and (3) large impedance during fault conditions. A super conducting fault current limiter (SCFCL) can meet these requirements superconductors, because of their sharp transition from zero resistance at normal cu ....etc

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This is a new technique for the protection of transmission systems by using the global positioning system (GPS) and fault generated transients. In this scheme the relay contains a fault transient detection system together with a communication unit, which is connected to the power line through the high voltage coupling capacitors of the CVT.

Relays are installed at each bus bar in a transmission network. These detect the fault generated high frequency voltage transient signals and record the time instant corresponding to when the initial ....etc

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The Digital Transmission Content Protection (DTCP) defines a cryptographic protocol for protecting audio /video entertainment content from illegal copying, intercepting and tampering as it traverses high performance digital buses, such as the IEEE 1394 standard. DTCP ensures that the copy protection mechanism is built into Digital Audio/Video devices themselves (in addition to Traditional Encryption). This seminar will outline the basic principles of cryptography; and tells us about the cryptographic functions used in it. It will briefly look a ....etc

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