presented by:
Shyam Kumar
Uddhav Shendurnikar
Upkar Chauhan
Vishakha Nigam


INTRODUCTION
 It is the heart of a microcomputer system.
 It is a programmable integrated device that has computing & decision making capability similar to CPU.
 It comprises of three parts- ALU, control unit, register file.
 These are connected with data bus, control bus & internal bus
 It communicates &operates in binary nos. 0 & 1 called bits.
 Each μP has a fixed set of instructions in form of binary ....etc

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SEMINAR REPORT
on
By
JOSE MATHEW K.

Cochin University of Science and Technology
Cochin-22
ABSTRACT
Sensor networking is an emerging technology that has a wide range of potential applications including environment monitoring, military applications, smart spaces, medical systems and robotic exploration. Sensor networks may consists of different types of sensors such as pressure, temperature, light, sound, biological signal, chemical, strain, altitude, acceleration, seismic, metal detectors, humidity etc. which makes it possib ....etc

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I WANT 6TH SEM OS NOTES PLSS...
JNKJDJKNFJJNKJJKKKNDKNKKKDKKLKDNFDFLKKKLKDFLKKKLKSDFDKLKKKJKDFLJIJFIOKLLOE IEJIEJFNK KIDEJKJLIASLL ....etc

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Introduction to Transaction Processing Concepts and Theory

Chapter Outline

1. Introduction to Transaction Processing
2 .Transaction and System Concepts
3 .Desirable Properties of Transactions
4. Characterizing Schedules based on Recoverability
5. Characterizing Schedules based on Serializability
6 .Transaction Support in SQL

Introduction to Transaction Processing

Single-User System:
At most one user at a time can use the database management system.
Eg. Personal computer system
Multiuser Sys ....etc

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ABSTRACT

Over the past four decades the computer industry has experienced four generations of development. The first generation used Vacuum Tubes (1940 – 1950s) to discrete diodes to transistors (1950 – 1960s), to small and medium scale integrated circuits (1960 – 1970s) and to very large scale integrated devices (1970s and beyond). Increases in device speed and reliability and reduction in hardware cost and physical size have greatly enhanced computer performance ....etc

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1. What’s an Operating System?
Operating System
A set of programs1 that act as an intermediary between a computer’s user(s) and hardware.
1 stored in firmware (ROM) and/or software
• OS...User View
• OS...Conceptual View
• OS...Physical View
• OS Roles...Three Roles
• Resource allocator.
Manages / allocates / referees hardware resources
CPU time, memory, video / audio out, network access, printer queues, etc.
• Control program.
– Starts / stops user programs (scheduling, preemption) ....etc

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Virtual memory
¢ Virtual memory is an illusion of a memory that is larger than the real memory
“ Only some parts of a process are loaded in memory, other parts are stored in a disk area called swap space and loaded only when needed
“ It is implemented using noncontiguous memory allocation
* The memory management unit (MMU) performs address translation.
“ The virtual memory handler (VM handler) is that part of the kernel which manages virtual memory
Overview of virtual memory
¢ Memory allocat ....etc

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UNIT “ II
COMMUNICATION AND INVOCATION:-
Communication is not an end in it-self, but is normally part of the
implementation. Such as a remote procedure call, whose purpose is to
bring about the processing of data in a different scope of execution
environment?
Application imposes a variety of demands upon a communication
system. These include procedure-consumer, client-server and group
communication. They vary as to the quality of service required, that is
delivery guarantees, bandwidth the latency, ....etc

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Submited by:
Ashish Gupta
Mayank wasnik


Operating System Structure
A key concept of operating systems is multiprogramming.
Goal of multiprogramming is to efficiently utilize all of the computing resources.
When a job issues an I/O request (e.g., open a file, read data from a file), it cannot continue until the request is fulfilled.
The CPU then becomes idle (the job is blocked on the request).
Operating System Structure
Basic idea of multiprogramming:
Keep multiple jobs in memory.
When one ....etc

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Intel 8086



Features of 8086 Microprocessor

1) 8086 has 16-bit ALU; this means 16-bit numbers are directly processed by 8086.
2) It has 16-bit data bus, so it can read data or write data to memory or I/O ports either 16 bits or 8 bits at a time.
3) It has 20 address lines, so it can address up to 220 i.e. 1048576 = 1Mbytes of memory (words i.e. 16 bit numbers are stored in consecutive memorylocations). Due to the 1Mbytes memory size multiprogramming is m ....etc

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Submited by:
Ashish Gupta
Mayank wasnik


Operating System Structure
A key concept of operating systems is multiprogramming.
Goal of multiprogramming is to efficiently utilize all of the computing resources.
When a job issues an I/O request (e.g., open a file, read data from a file), it cannot continue until the request is fulfilled.
The CPU then becomes idle (the job is blocked on the request).
Operating System Structure
Basic idea of multiprogramming:
Keep multiple jobs in memory.
When one ....etc

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