FUEL CELLS-Evolving Concepts and Developments

Introduction
Output of conventional batteries are limited.
They are polluting.
Continuous operation results in fall in efficiency.
Output not stable under long durations of operations.

Fuel Cells
An Electrochemical energy conversion device
Produces electricity from external fuel and oxidant.
Can operate virtually continuously as long as the necessary flows are maintained.

General Structure
Two electrodes sandwiched around an electrolyte
Hydro ....etc

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MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS and FUNDAMENTALS



WHAT IS MANAGEMENT ?

DEFINITION:

•F.W. Taylor -“Art of knowing what you want to do and
then seeing that it is done the best and cheepest way”.
•Henry Fayol –“To Manage is to forecast, to plan, to
organise, to command, to co-ordinate and to control”.
•Peter F.Drucker –”Management is work and as such it
has its own skills, its own tools and its own techniques”.
•“Management is th ....etc

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Marketing in Transition - Concepts & Practices

Since the beginning of the phenomenon of the marketing, there have been many changes in the business scenario, practically and academically. Over a long period of time, different concepts and conceptions have come into being and have been replaced by some other ones, yet the two aspects that have remained unchanged are marketing and customer. Marketer plans and directs all the efforts towards the customer, and they know it intrinsically that their su ....etc

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Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques


Preface
Our capabilities of both generating and collecting data have been increasing rapidly in the last several decades.
Contributing factors include the widespread use of bar codes for most commercial products, the computerization
of many business, scientic and government transactions and managements, and advances in data collection tools
ranging from scanned texture and image platforms, to on-line instrumentation in manufacturing and shopping, and to
satellite re ....etc

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Abstract Data Types and Encapsulation Concepts
The Concept of Abstraction
Introduction to Data Abstraction
Design Issues for Abstract Data Types
Language Examples
Parameterized Abstract Data Types
Encapsulation Constructs
Naming Encapsulations
The Concept of Abstraction
An abstraction is a view or representation of an entity that includes only the most significant attributes
The concept of abstraction is fundamental in programming (and computer science)
Nearly all programming languages support proces ....etc

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Object-oriented techniques achieve further reusability through the encapsulation of programs and data. The techniques and mechanisms we shall discuss here are primarily concerned with paradigms for packaging objects in such a way that they can be conveniently reused without modification to solve new problems.

Instantiation and Object Classes
Instantiation is perhaps the most basic object-oriented reusability mechanism. Every programming language provides some built-in data types (like integers and floating-point numbers) that can be instant ....etc

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Object-oriented techniques achieve further reusability through the encapsulation of programs and data. The techniques and mechanisms we shall discuss here are primarily concerned with paradigms for packaging objects in such a way that they can be conveniently reused without modification to solve new problems.

Instantiation and Object Classes
Instantiation is perhaps the most basic object-oriented reusability mechanism. Every programming language provides some built-in data types (like integers and floating-point numbers) that can be instant ....etc

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data warehousing concepts



for more info about the data warehousing concepts
please visit :-

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Short notes pdf management concepts and practices by cb gupta ....etc

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ABSTRACT

Data warehousing is the process where organizations extract value from their informational assets though the use of special stores called data warehouses. In general data warehouse is defined to be subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant, and non-volatile. Using both internal and external systems sources of data, a data warehouse is created.
Data mining, the extraction of hidden predictive information from large databases, is a powerful new technology with great potential to help companies focus on the most important informat ....etc

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