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ppt on selection of manufacturing method of cotter joint

COTTER JOINT

A cotter joint is used to connect rigidly two co-axial rods or bars which are subjected to axial tensile or compressive forces . It is a temporary fastening .A cotter joint is used to connect rigidly two co-axial rods or bars which are subjected to axial tensile or compressive forces. Here shaft is locked in place by a smaller pin that passes through the side of the lug and partly or completely through the shaft itself. This locking pin is named as cotter.
COTTER


A cotter is a flat wedge shaped piece of rectangular cross section and its width is tapered (either on one side or on both sides) from one end to another for an easy adjustment.

APPLICATIONS OF COTTER

1. Connection of the piston rod with the cross heads
2. Joining of tail rod with piston rod of a wet air pump
3. Foundation bolt
4. Connecting two halves of fly wheel (cotter and dowel arrangement)

COMPARISON BETWEEN KEY AND COTTER

1. Key is usually driven parallel to the axis of the shaft which is subjected to torsional or twisting stress. Whereas cotter is normally driven at right angles to the axis of the connected part which is subjected to tensile or compressive stress along its axis.

2. A key resists shear over a longitudinal section whereas a cotter resist shear over two transverse section.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF COTTER JOINTS

1. Socket and spigot cotter joint
2. Sleeve and cotter joint
3. Gib and cotter joint


DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR THE SPIGOT AND COTTER JOINT

To understand the design steps let take a question and solve it step by step.

Q. Design a cotter joint subjected to a tensile load of 35 kN and a compressive load of 40 KN . The allowable stresses are
tensile stress qt = 70N/mm2
compressive stress qc = 110 N/mm2
shear stres t = 50 N/mm2


SOLUTION

STEP 1

Failure of rod in tension or compression

tensile stress = tensile load / area

qt=(Pt*40/(3.14*d*d)

where d is the diameter of the rod

from above equation we will find out the value of d and round it off to the higher integer. Now we apply the Standard shaft rule..i.e the diameter of the rod should be of the given range

diameter increment in steps

1-10mm 1mm
10-24mm 2mm
24-45 mm 3mm
45-100 mm 5mm
above 100mm 10mm

we will make the value of the d such that it will satisfy the above table.

compressive stress = compressive load /area

qc=(4*Pc)/(3.14*d*d)

again find the value of d ,round it off ,make according to the above table and now compare the two values of d .Take the value which is greater .


STEP 2

Failure of spigot in tension across slot

Pt=qt*[3.14/4*d1*d1 -d1*t]

where t =d1/4
find the value of d1 and then t



Emperically d1=1.2*d

again find the value of d1 and choose which one is larger ..

STEP 3

Failure of rod or cotter in crushing

check for the condition

Pt<= d1*t*qc

if the above condition meet then the value of d1 and t is correct else increase the value of d1 and t to satisfy the condition .Because if the above condition is not satisfied then cotter will be get crushed due to load .