04-05-2011, 04:49 PM
Abstract—
In this paper, we present PGS, a Parking Guidance
System based on wireless sensor network(WSN) which guides a
driver to an available parking lot. The system consists of a WSNbased
VDS(vehicle detection sub-system) and a management subsystem.
The WSN based VDS gathers information on the
availability of each parking lot and the management sub-system
processes the information and refines them and guides the driver
to the available parking lot by controlling a VMS(Variable
Messaging System). The paper describes the overall system
architecture of PGS from the hardware platform to the
application software in the view point of a WSN. We
implemented the WSN based VDS of PGS and experimented on
the system with several kinds of cars. The experimental results
show that PGS succeeds in detecting various kinds of cars and the
predicted battery life-time using measured current profiles is
over 5 years.1
Keywords—WSN, VDS, Parking Guidance System
I. INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the desire to connect all electronic
computing devices together and to embed computing devices in
almost everything has increased. Although they can be
connected through wired lines, it is more convenient and
effective to use wireless links when we consider the large
number of pervasive devices in the environment. Wireless
sensor network(WSN) is one of the enabling technologies for
such a ubiquitous computing world. Although WSN are still
under development and research, it is expected that WSNs will
be used in all sorts of applications including consumer
electronics, PC peripherals, home automation, home security,
personal healthcare, toys and games, industrial control and
monitoring, asset and inventory tracking, and intelligent
agriculture, typically[2][3]. In addition, cultural property
management[10], ITS, and telematics also require the inclusion
of WSNs. This is especially true in the telematics field where
WSNs can be used to provide useful information such as road
This work was in part supported by the Korea Science and
Engineering Foundation(KOSEF) grant funded by the Korea
government(MOST)(No. R0A-2007-000-10038-0) and the
MIC(Ministry of Information and Communication), Korea, under the
ITRC(Information Technology Research Center) support program
supervised by the IITA(Institute of Information Technology
Advancement) (IITA-2008-(C1090-0801-0047))
condition and traffic speed[11] and occupancy of a parking lot.
Currently, these information are detected using loop detectors
and sensors which are wired. Furthermore, they are very
expensive and it is difficult to install and maintain them[1].
There are many researches dealing with the problem of
vehicle detection with WSN[4~9]. However, there is a lack of
real measurement and experimental data.
Here, we present the WSN based PGS system architecture
which consists of the WSN based VDS(vehicle detection subsystem)
and management sub-system. The VDS sub-system is
used to detect the occupancy of a parking lot and report the
result to the management sub-system. The management subsystem
processes the gathered information and provides the
information to the drivers. To evaluate the system, we
implemented the WSN based VDS and experimented on the
system with various kinds of cars. In addition, we estimated the
battery-life time with simulation analysis based on the current
profile measured with T-Sensor Node.
Our contributions are summarized as following. We present
PGS system architecture based on WSN. We implemented
WSN based VDS and evaluated the performance with several
kinds of cars. In addition, we demonstrated the feasibility of
battery-powered T-Sensor node with simulation analysis using
real measured current profile.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2
describes the system architecture of PGS and then Section 3
reports the experimental result and discussion for the result.
Finally, the paper concludes with a summary of our work and a
statement of future work in Section 4.
II. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
In this section, we describe the PGS system including the
WSN based Vehicle Detection Sub-system and management
sub-system as shown in Fig. 1. The WSN-based VDS is
designed to detect the occupancy of a parking lot and report the
result to the management sub-system. The management subsystem
consists of PIS(Parking Information Server) and a
notice board such as a VMS(Variable Messaging System) and
it gathers the parking availability information and guides the
drivers through the VMS or PDA.
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