14-05-2011, 10:23 AM
PRESENTED BY
Kedar Agnihotri
Shreyas Devi
Harshad Tokekar
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND:
A substantial number of patients, particularly the handicapped and the elderly do not follow instructions in taking medication. This can result in patient failing to take medication, taking the wrong medication, taking an incorrect amount of medication, or taking the medication at a wrong time, leading to either a drug overdose or an ineffective application of medication to the patient. The elderly are especially prone to problems since they often take several medications and have failing memories. Caretakers such as nurses also need to be reminded on occasion that a patient needs to take a particular medication at a predetermined time and what the dosage should be. There is a recognized need for providing medicines on a regularized basis with timed notice to the person requiring them.
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT:
In accordance with the need discussed above, we are designing a medicine reminder consisting of three pill boxes to store the medicines with marking on each box as morning, noon and evening respectively. Display of real time clock will be there. The device will have maximum three alarms a day to signify the time medication needs to be taken. The user will be able to record his medicine names on a recorder arrangement provided which will playback the names at the time of alarm. To add to this, the device also has the feature of automatic opening of pillboxes i.e. at the time of alarm, the appropriate pillbox will open automatically to facilitate the user to have an easy access to the medicines.
The size and portability of the device should be suitable for residential or clinical settings.
2.0 LITERATURE SURVEY
• Patent Search results:
There are several patents published for various types of medication dispensing devices. A brief summary of the products proposed by each patent is included below:
Timed Medicine Dispenser (4,207,992): As the title suggests, this a timed dispenser which alerts the patient when the medication needs to be taken. The pills need to be pre-separated into the correct dosages as with several of the other devices.
Timed Dispensing Device (4,572,403): Has a rotating disk and removable tray with predetermined number of bins containing tablets or capsules. The pills need to be pre-separated into the correct dosages.
Medicine reminder and dispenser (5,159,581): Has a pill holder having 28 compartments arranged in rows and columns with slidable support plates providing the dispensing arrangement.
• Other available Products:
1. Med Center Medication Reminder:
This device organizes a month’s worth of medication with 4 daily alarms. There is a unique color-coding and verbal reminders, which are helpful for people with complex medication routines. The medicines have to be pre-separated and kept in the appropriate pillbox.
2. Med Time:
The Med time product is essentially a rotating disk that contains several compartments in which the pills are separated into to create the appropriate dosage. The MedTime device also contains a timer and an alarm, which can be programmed to sound when the medication must be taken. To load the device all the dosages must be pre-separated which will require the effort of a caretaker in most cases.
3. Semi automatic pill dispenser:
This is a weekly pillbox organizer with up to four daily doses. Pill capacity is 7 aspirin sized tablets per dose. Alarm duration is of four minutes. This device is not suitable for hearing impaired patients.
• Books that can be referred for Programming:
1. ‘The 8051 Micro controller and Embedded systems using assembly and C ’- by Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Pearson Education, Second Edition
2. ‘The C programming language’- by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie, Prentice Hall
3. Application notes on internet:
http://maxim-icappnotes.cfm/an_pk/95
3.0 PROJECT
3.1 OBJECTIVES:
• To display Real Time Clock with hours and minutes on LCD display.
• To construct keypad to take input from user to set alarm times, set real timings and edit them if required.
• To interface audio processor with microcontroller.
• To play the recorded input in ‘Audio form’.
• To interface motors with microcontroller for the dispensing action.
3.2 ASSUMPTIONS:
• The medicines to be filled should be pre-separated properly and correctly placed in the respective boxes.
• The system is designed for three dosages per day say MORNING, NOON, NIGHT i.e. system is designed for maximum 3 alarms per day. It is assumed that user makes use of all three alarms everyday.
• The system should be filled with dry medicines only
e.g.Tablates, Capsules etc.
• The care taker is necessary for bed ridden patients.
• The audio output will be sufficient for only a small number of people.
3.3 PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS:
INPUT:
o Keypad containing all 10 digits (0 to 9) and some special functioned keys.
o Microphone to record messages from user.
o Real Time Clock.
o Three compartments/boxes to store the medicines.
OUTPUT:
o Audio representation of the recorded message through ‘speaker’.
o Buzzer for sound indication.
o LED’s for visual indication.
o LCD to show real time, alarm timings and different messages.
SUPPLY:
o The system is powered by 5Vdc (500mA) power supply.
o 3V Lithium battery required for RTC DS 1307.
3.4 PROJECT FUNCTIONALITY:
• Switch ON the system using a power-on switch.
• The product would offer two modes:
1. Set clock (If user want to change the timing)
2. Set alarm timings (maximum of three)
3. To record the message for each alarm timing
• Set Clock
o Enter the day, date and timings through keypad provided.
o Press ‘Enter’ to confirm settings.
• Set Clock
o Enter 1st alarm:
o Enter 2ndalarm:
o Enter 3rd alarm:
o No. of repition:
o Press ‘Enter’ to confirm the settings.
• Record the messages:
o Record the separate message for each box by pressing key in front of
each box.
• When alarm time and real time matches buzzer turns on along with LED
Flashing.
• When user press ‘Acknowledge’ key buzzer and LED flashing stops and box
opens automatically to dispense medicines to user and message will
playback to verify the medicines are correct or not.Press ‘Acknowledge’ to
close the box.
• This process will continue for all alarm timings and entered no. of repitions.
