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Presented by:
Dick Steflik
Abstract
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to copy a file from one host to another over a TCP/IP-based network, such as the Internet. FTP is built on a client-server architecture and utilizes separate control and data connections between the client and server.[1] FTP users may authenticate themselves using a clear-text sign-in protocol but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it.
The first FTP client applications were interactive command-line tools and were not very user-friendly, despite implementing standard commands and syntax. GUI (graphical user interface) clients, which are much easier to learn and use, have been developed for many of the popular desktop operating systems in use today.
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[attachment=10808]
File Transfer Protocol
INTRODUCTION
What is FTP?
Network Protocol
Exchange files over any network that supports the TCP/IP protocol
Client-Server Architecture
Separate Data and Control connections
User based password authentication or anonymous user access
PROTOCOL OVERVIEW
PROTOCOL OVERVIEW
Client to Server on TCP Port 21 – Control Connection
Commands
Identifications
Passwords
Interrupt Messages
Client to Server or vice-versa on TCP Port 20 – Data Connection
Actual File Transfer
Out-of-Bound Protocol
CONTROL CONNECTION
Bi-directional
Initiated by Client
DATA CONNECTION
Uni-directional
Can be initiated by both client and server
PROTOCOL OVERVIEW
FTP uses TCP as a Transport Protocol
The FTP Server, running FTP Server software, listens on the network
The Client computer, running FTP Client software, initiates connection
FTP only opens a data connection when a client issues a command requiring a data transfer
Possible for an entire FTP session to open and close without a data connection ever having been opened.
CONNECTION MODES
Active Mode
Client sends Server the IP Address & Port Number
Passive Mode
Client is behind firewall
Server sends client an IP Address and Port Number
Active mode
• Passive mode
FILE STRUCTURE
OS stores files in different structures
FTP defines file structures for different files
File F Unstructured, sequence of bytes
Record R Series of records
Page P Series of data blocks (pages)
Default File Structure is F
Specified using STRU command
TRANSMISSION MODES
Stream Mode
Data sent as a continuous stream
All processing left to TCP
End-of-File Indicator not required
Blocked Mode
FTP breaks data into several blocks
Compressed Mode
Data compressed using a single algorithm
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