HYBRID POWER SYSTEM
WHAT IS HYBRID POWER PLANT
The hybrid power plant is a complete electrical power supply system that can be easily configured to meet a broad range of remote power needs.
There are three basic elements to the system - the power source, the battery, and the power management center.
The power sources are a wind turbine, diesel engine generator, and solar arrays.
The battery allows autonomous operation by compensating for the difference between power production and use.
The power management center regulates power production from each of the sources, controls power use by classifying loads, and protects the battery from service extremes.
Hybrid Systems
Hybrid power systems combine two or more energy conversion devices, or two or more fuels for the same device, that when integrated, overcome limitations inherent in either.
Hybrid systems can address limitations in terms of Fuel flexibility, efficiency, reliability, emissions and / or economics.
Hybrid Power Systems Objectives
Define the thrust of a new program
– Compile a set of activities that may tap into existing technology
programs to “fill in the gaps”
– Coordinate but not overlap with technology programs
– Stimulate innovative thinking that leads to creative business
opportunities
• Define how a hybrid power program will accelerate
introduction of all DER technologies that include
renewables
• Make determination on the need for an integrated
distributed hybrid power program
TYPES OF NEW ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCES
CONTROLLED SOURCES
Primary energy sources giving rise to the possibility of controlling electrical power production
Eg. coal
UNCONTROLLED SOURCES
Natural sources giving unpredictable power and independent of human action
Eg. Solar ,wind
WHY HYBRID POWER PLANT
Electricity should be produced exactly at the time it is needed.
Sun and wind do not meet this requirement. so special types of
Power plant should be built to avoid shortage of power and to utilise all available sun and wind power.
There are atleast two ways to achieve this aim:
1. power plant using two (or more) primary sources with additional control system.
2. Electricity energy storage.
For hybrid power plant one of the sources must be controlled source.
EXAMPLE OF HYBRID SYSTEM
SOLAR – WIND HYBRID POWER PLANT
A SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL COMBINE WITH A GAS TURBINE OR MICRO TURBINE
A WIND - FUEL CELL HYBRID SYSTEM
WIND TURBINE WITH BATTERY STORAGE AND DIESEL BACKUP GENERATOR
DC HYBRID SYSTEM AND MICROGRID
PROBLEMS CAUSED BY UNCONTROLLED POWER SOURCES
The rapid and unpredictable changes in electricity production
The sudden disappearences of power generation
The poor usages of primary energy carriers.
DC MICRO GRID ALLOWS
Avoidance of many difficulties associated with control of energy parameters.
Simplification of control strategy and control units
Cost reduction.
Reduction in transmission losses
Introduction of load active control methods.
New method of energy measurement.
Advantages
Reliable, continuous power maximizing renewable usage
Reduced fuel consumption 50-60%, requiring less diesel storage
Reduced operating costs
Less electricity
No Power Outages- The next time a hurricane goes through you will not have to worry about losing power for a week in the summer. Provided that your system was not damaged.
Pollutants-No pollutants are being released into the air. Cells only become a problem when it comes time to replace them (about twenty years)
Conclusions
Hybrid power systems can offer solutions and value to customers that individual technologies cannot match.
HPS are a good way to have available sources of electricity which optimise utilisation of primary energy sources.
Hybrids offer market entry strategies for technologies that cannot currently compete with the lowest-cost traditional options.
Some renewable hybrid power systems are commercially available today.
Many options for the configuration of hybrid systems -Depend on load, resource, and costs.