[attachment=3373]


Abstract:
Present project is designed using 8051 microcontroller to avoid railway accidents happening at unattended railway gates, if implemented in spirit. This project utilizes two powerful IR transmitters and two receivers; one pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed at up side (from where the train comes) at a level higher than a human being in exact alignment and similarly the other pair is fixed at down side of the train direction. Sensor activation time is so adjusted by calculating the time taken at a certain speed to cross at least one compartment of standard minimum size of the Indian railway. We have considered 5 seconds for this project. Sensors are fixed at 1km on both sides of the gate. We call the sensor along the train direction as Ëœforeside sensorâ„¢ and the other as Ëœaft side sensorâ„¢. When foreside receiver gets activated, the gate motor is turned on in one direction and the gate is closed and stays closed until the train crosses the gate and reaches aft side sensors. When aft side receiver gets activated motor turns in opposite direction and gate opens and motor stops. Buzzer will immediately sound at the fore side receiver activation and gate will close after 5 seconds, so giving time to drivers to clear gate area in order to avoid trapping between the gates and stop sound after the train has crossed.
The same principle is applied for track switching. Considering a situation wherein an express train and a local train are traveling in opposite directions on the same track; the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch on to the other track. Two sensors are placed at the either sides of the junction where the track switches. If thereâ„¢s a train approaching from the other side, then another sensor placed along that direction gets activated and will send an interrupt to the controller. The interrupt service routine switches the track. Indicator lights have been provided to avoid collisions. Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor. Assuming that within a certain delay, the train has passed the track is switched back to its original position, allowing the first train to pass without any interruption. This concept of track switching can be applied at 1km distance from the stations.
The project is simple to implement and subject to further improvement.
Model of Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching
Gate Control:
Railways being the cheapest mode of transportation are preferred over all the other means .When we go through the daily newspapers we come across many railway accidents occurring at unmanned railway crossings. This is mainly due to the carelessness in manual operations or lack of workers. We, in this project has come up with a solution for the same. Using simple electronic components we have tried to automate the control of railway gates. As a train approaches the railway crossing from either side, the sensors placed at a certain distance from the gate detects the approaching train and accordingly controls the operation of the gate. Also an indicator light has been provided to alert the motorists about the approaching train.
Gate control
Track Switching
Using the same principle as that for gate control, we have developed a concept of automatic track switching. Considering a situation wherein an express train and a local train are travelling in opposite directions on the same track; the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch on to the other track. Indicator lights have been provided to avoid collisions .Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor. In practical purposes this can be achieved using electromagnets.
Track Switching
Hardware Description
The project consists of four main parts:
1. 8051 microcontroller
2. IR Transmitter
3. IR Receiver
4. Stepper Motor Circuit
8051 Microcontroller
The I/O ports of the 8051 are expanded by connecting it to an 8255 chip. The 8255 is programmed as a simple I/O port for connection with devices such as LEDs, stepper motors and sensors. More details of the 8255 are given later.
The following block diagram shows the various devices connected to the different ports of an 8255. The ports are each 8-bit and are named A, B and C. The individual ports of the 8255 can be programmed to be input or output, and can be changed dynamically. The control register is programmed in simple I/O mode with port A, port B and port C (upper) as output ports and port C (lower) as an input port.
Block diagram of 8051 Microcontroller
IR Circuits
This circuit has two stages: a transmitter unit and a receiver unit. The transmitter unit consists of an infrared LED and its associated circuitry.
IR Transitter
The transmitter circuit consists of the following components:
1. IC 555
2. Resistors
3. Capacitors
4. IR LED
The IR LED emitting infrared light is put on in the transmitting unit. To generate IR signal, 555 IC based astable multivibrator is used. Infrared LED is driven through transistor BC 548.
IC 555 is used to construct an astable multivibrator which has two quasi-stable states. It generates a square wave of frequency 38kHz and amplitude 5Volts. It is required to switch ËœONâ„¢ the IR LED.
IR Transmitter
IR Receiver
The receiver circuit consists of the following components:
1. TSOP1738 (sensor)
2. IC 555
3. Resistors
4. Capacitors
The receiver unit consists of a sensor and its associated circuitry. In receiver section, the first part is a sensor, which detects IR pulses transmitted by IR-LED. Whenever a train crosses the sensor, the output of IR sensor momentarily transits through a low state. As a result the monostable is triggered and a short pulse is applied to the port pin of the 8051 microcontroller. On receiving a pulse from the sensor circuit, the controller activates the circuitry required for closing and opening of the gates and for track switching. The IR receiver circuit is shown in the figure below.
IR Receiver
Stepper motor circuit
Stepper motor circuit
Here a stepper motor is used for controlling the gates. A stepper motor is a widely used device that translates electrical pulses into mechanical movement. They function as their name suggests “ they step a little bit at a time. Steppers don™t simply respond to a clock signal. They have several windings which need to be energized in the correct sequence before the motor™s shaft will rotate. Reversing the order of the sequence will cause the motor to rotate the other way.

please read http://studentbank.in/report-microcontro...ull-report and http://studentbank.in/report-automatic-r...ull-report http://studentbank.in/report-automatic-r...ull-report http://studentbank.in/report-automatic-r...ull-report for getting information related to AUTOMATIC RAILWAY GATE CONTROL system in different technology

can you give me it's full details as well as circuit diagram of it

[attachment=5190]
Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching( LATEST)

by badmediaPresent project is designed using 8051 microcontroller to avoid railway accidents happening at unattended railway gates, if implemented in spirit. This project utilizes two powerful IR transmitters and two receivers; one pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed at up side (from where the train comes) at a level higher than a human being in exact alignment and similarly the other pair is fixed at down side of the train direction. Sensor activation time is so adjusted by calculating the time taken at a certain speed to cross at least one compartment of standard minimum size of the Indian railway. We have considered 5 seconds for this project. Sensors are fixed at 1km on both sides of the gate. We call the sensor along the train direction as ‘foreside sensor’ and the other as ‘aft side sensor’. When foreside receiver gets activated, the gate motor is turned on in one direction and the gate is closed and stays closed until the train crosses the gate and reaches aft side sensors. When aft side receiver gets activated motor turns in opposite direction and gate opens and motor stops. Buzzer will immediately sound at the fore side receiver activation and gate will close after 5 seconds, so giving time to drivers to clear gate area in order to avoid trapping between the gates and stop sound after the train has crossed.

[attachment=6463]

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AUTOMATIC GATE CONTROL SYSTEM

Objective:
Present project is designed using 8051 microcontroller to avoid unwanted entry of vehicles&persions gates, if implemented in spirit. This project utilizes two powerful proximity sensors, which is used to control the gate automatically.

Explanation:

The project consists of

1. Proximity sensor
2. Microcontroller
3. Relays
4. DC motor
5. Gate model

When foreside sensor gets sensed, the gate motor is turned on in one direction and the gate is closed and stays closed until.
Using simple electronic components we have tried to automate the control of gates. As a vehicle approaches the gate from either side, the sensors placed at a certain distance from the gate detects the approaching accordingly controls the operation of the gate. The gate opening and closing can be done with the help of DC motor by the specific instruction of microcontroller.

Advantages:
 Avoid accidents in level crossings.
 No manual work is needed.

[attachment=7578]

OBJECTIVE
To alert and save the people from the train accidents at the unmanned railway gates.

To restrict the train accidents by introducing an application of track switching.

This project is developed in order to help the INDIAN RAILWAYS in making its present working system a better one, by eliminating some of the loopholes existing in it.



BLOCK DIAGRAM
Stepper motor for track switching
WORKING


When the train is behind 5km the counter will tell the micro controller to send the RF packet and stepper motor will close the gate by rotating clockwise and glows red signal light.


When the train crosses the gate then the counter automatically opens the gate by rotating the motor in anti-clockwise direction.


We can use the same counter to detect two trains coming in the same track in opposite direction and with the help of stepper motor we could rotate the gear to switch the track.






EXAMPLE OF AN AUTOMATIC RAILWAY GATE
AXLE COUNTERS
STEPPER MOTOR
ADVANTAGES
There is no time lag to operate the device.
Accuracy.
This can be further implemented to have control room to regulate the working of the system. Thus becomes the user friendliness.
This circuit can be expanded and used in a station with any number of platforms as per the usage.
TOOLS
HARDWARE:-
MICRO CONTROLLER
AXLE COUNTERS
STEPPER MOTOR


SOFTWARE:-

KEIL SOFTWARE

sir please send the program of this project to my mail id

sir please send full report of the this project

sir i need full details about this project very urgently, because i was chosen this project as a my final year project, so please send full report..........

1st page of this thread containing full details. just go through it.

Now a days, India is the country which having worlds largest railway network. Over hundreds of railways running on track everyday. As railway has straightway running as well as it has somewhat risky and dangerous as per as general public and traffic concern. As we know that it is surely impossible to stop the running train at instant is some critical situation or emergency arises. Therefore at the places of traffic density, suburban areas and crossings there is severe need to install a railway gate in view of protection purpose. Obviously at each and every gate there must be a attendant to operate and maintain it. In view of that, if we calculate the places of railway crossings and such places where it would to be install and overall expenditure, the graph arises and arises at the extent.
But, India, our country is a progressive country. It has already enough economical problems which are ever been unsolved. So, to avoid all these things some sort of automatic and independent system comes in picture. Now a days automatic system occupies each and every sector of applications as it is reliable, accurate and no need to pay high attention.
So, keeping all these things and aspects and need of such system our project batch tries to make such type of system with the help of various electrical, electronic and mechanical components. The thorough and detail information as per as construction and working is concerned, it is discussed furtherly.
An automatic control system is an arrangement of physical components connected in such a manner so as to direct or regular itself or some another system i.e. some controlled condition forming part of the system is maintained in a prescribed manner.
Automatic control system have influenced the current way of life. In recent year automatic control systems have been rapidly increasing importance in all fields of engineering. Its application covers a very wide range from design of precision control devices to design of massive equipments used for manufacture of steel and other industries.
ADVANTAGES OF ATOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM:
The need of automation is due to or advantages of automatic
control system are :
1) It result in economy of operation.
2) Elimination of human error.
3) If frees human beings from mental tasks.
4) Saving in energy require

to get information about the topic Automatic Railway Gate Controller Using Stepper Motor full report,ppt and related topic refer the page link bellow

http://studentbank.in/report-automatic-r...ull-report

http://studentbank.in/report-automatic-r...ull-report

http://studentbank.in/report-automatic-r...ort?page=2

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to get information about the topic automatic railway track switching full report ppt and related topic refer the page link bellow

http://studentbank.in/report-automatic-r...ull-report

http://studentbank.in/report-automatic-r...ort?page=2

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hi please an i have this project thank you

(23-04-2010, 11:13 PM)project topics Wrote: Abstract:
Present project is designed using 8051 microcontroller to avoid railway accidents happening at unattended railway gates, if implemented in spirit. This project utilizes two powerful IR transmitters and two receivers; one pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed at up side (from where the train comes) at a level higher than a human being in exact alignment and similarly the other pair is fixed at down side of the train direction. Sensor activation time is so adjusted by calculating the time taken at a certain speed to cross at least one compartment of standard minimum size of the Indian railway. We have considered 5 seconds for this project. Sensors are fixed at 1km on both sides of the gate. We call the sensor along the train direction as Ëœforeside sensorâ„¢ and the other as Ëœaft side sensorâ„¢. When foreside receiver gets activated, the gate motor is turned on in one direction and the gate is closed and stays closed until the train crosses the gate and reaches aft side sensors. When aft side receiver gets activated motor turns in opposite direction and gate opens and motor stops. Buzzer will immediately sound at the fore side receiver activation and gate will close after 5 seconds, so giving time to drivers to clear gate area in order to avoid trapping between the gates and stop sound after the train has crossed.
The same principle is applied for track switching. Considering a situation wherein an express train and a local train are traveling in opposite directions on the same track; the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch on to the other track. Two sensors are placed at the either sides of the junction where the track switches. If thereâ„¢s a train approaching from the other side, then another sensor placed along that direction gets activated and will send an interrupt to the controller. The interrupt service routine switches the track. Indicator lights have been provided to avoid collisions. Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor. Assuming that within a certain delay, the train has passed the track is switched back to its original position, allowing the first train to pass without any interruption. This concept of track switching can be applied at 1km distance from the stations.
The project is simple to implement and subject to further improvement.
Model of Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching
Gate Control:
Railways being the cheapest mode of transportation are preferred over all the other means .When we go through the daily newspapers we come across many railway accidents occurring at unmanned railway crossings. This is mainly due to the carelessness in manual operations or lack of workers. We, in this project has come up with a solution for the same. Using simple electronic components we have tried to automate the control of railway gates. As a train approaches the railway crossing from either side, the sensors placed at a certain distance from the gate detects the approaching train and accordingly controls the operation of the gate. Also an indicator light has been provided to alert the motorists about the approaching train.
Gate control
Track Switching
Using the same principle as that for gate control, we have developed a concept of automatic track switching. Considering a situation wherein an express train and a local train are travelling in opposite directions on the same track; the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch on to the other track. Indicator lights have been provided to avoid collisions .Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor. In practical purposes this can be achieved using electromagnets.
Track Switching
Hardware Description
The project consists of four main parts:
1. 8051 microcontroller
2. IR Transmitter
3. IR Receiver
4. Stepper Motor Circuit
8051 Microcontroller
The I/O ports of the 8051 are expanded by connecting it to an 8255 chip. The 8255 is programmed as a simple I/O port for connection with devices such as LEDs, stepper motors and sensors. More details of the 8255 are given later.
The following block diagram shows the various devices connected to the different ports of an 8255. The ports are each 8-bit and are named A, B and C. The individual ports of the 8255 can be programmed to be input or output, and can be changed dynamically. The control register is programmed in simple I/O mode with port A, port B and port C (upper) as output ports and port C (lower) as an input port.
Block diagram of 8051 Microcontroller
IR Circuits
This circuit has two stages: a transmitter unit and a receiver unit. The transmitter unit consists of an infrared LED and its associated circuitry.
IR Transitter
The transmitter circuit consists of the following components:
1. IC 555
2. Resistors
3. Capacitors
4. IR LED
The IR LED emitting infrared light is put on in the transmitting unit. To generate IR signal, 555 IC based astable multivibrator is used. Infrared LED is driven through transistor BC 548.
IC 555 is used to construct an astable multivibrator which has two quasi-stable states. It generates a square wave of frequency 38kHz and amplitude 5Volts. It is required to switch ËœONâ„¢ the IR LED.
IR Transmitter
IR Receiver
The receiver circuit consists of the following components:
1. TSOP1738 (sensor)
2. IC 555
3. Resistors
4. Capacitors
The receiver unit consists of a sensor and its associated circuitry. In receiver section, the first part is a sensor, which detects IR pulses transmitted by IR-LED. Whenever a train crosses the sensor, the output of IR sensor momentarily transits through a low state. As a result the monostable is triggered and a short pulse is applied to the port pin of the 8051 microcontroller. On receiving a pulse from the sensor circuit, the controller activates the circuitry required for closing and opening of the gates and for track switching. The IR receiver circuit is shown in the figure below.
IR Receiver
Stepper motor circuit
Stepper motor circuit
Here a stepper motor is used for controlling the gates. A stepper motor is a widely used device that translates electrical pulses into mechanical movement. They function as their name suggests “ they step a little bit at a time. Steppers don™t simply respond to a clock signal. They have several windings which need to be energized in the correct sequence before the motor™s shaft will rotate. Reversing the order of the sequence will cause the motor to rotate the other way.