[attachment=11195]
AUTOMATIC DRILLING MACHINE SYSTEM
Abstract:
Any industry’s has its own desire to maintain their ability to provide safe and secure drilling of their customer’s hazardous materials. Addressing these challenges is a important task and the efficient delivery of their cargo, play a vital role in the economy of the country.
This system provides the safety and accurately, automatic ir sensor sense the wood plates , after sensing the wood plates the automatic drilling machine comes to the target position through the automatic lift system. The drilling machine drills the particular position and moving up direction then , The wood plate will rotate for next position. The drilling machine drills the next position also like this the machine will drills the no of wood plates and different positions also.ignals. The automatic sensing the wood plate system is provided with the IR sensors placed at a target place. These sensors gives the wood plates are located in the particular position status to the embedded controller at the motor to which they are connected. The controller operates the drilling machine as per the received signal from the IR sensors.
The present project is designed around a microcontroller as a control unit. The microcontroller senses the wood plates at through IR sensors and controls the drilling machine. And it continuously monitors the drilling machine..
The programming language used for developing the software to the microcontroller is Embedded/Assembly. The KEIL cross compiler is used to edit, compile and debug this program. Here in our application we are using AT89C51 microcontroller which is Flash Programmable IC.AT represents the Atmel Corporation represents CMOS technology is used for designing the IC.
INTRODUCTION:
Objective: The main aim of this embedded application is to design a moving bridge using AT89C51 and RF.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Description:
This application is in the area of embedded systems.
An embedded system is some combination of computer hardware and software, either fixed in capability or programmable, that is specifically designed for a particular function
Since the embedded system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it reducing the size and cost of the product and increasing the reliability and performance. Embedded systems are controlled by one or more main processing cores that are typically either a microcontroller or a digital signal processor (DSP). Embedded systems control many devices in common use today.
The Keil C51 C Compiler for the 8051 microcontroller is the most popular 8051 C compiler in the world. It provides more features than any other 8051 C compiler available today. The C51 Compiler allows you to write 8051 microcontroller applications in C that, once compiled, have the efficiency and speed of assembly language. Language extensions in the C51 Compiler give you full access to all resources of the 8051.
The C51 Compiler translates C source files into reloadable object modules which contain full symbolic information for debugging with the µVision Debugger or an in-circuit emulator. In addition to the object file, the compiler generates a listing file which may optionally include symbol table and cross reference information.
Embedded C is an extension for the programming language C to support embedded processors, enabling portable and efficient application programming for embedded systems
The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard MCS-51 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications.
This system provides the safety and accurately, automatic ir sensor sense the wood plates , after sensing the wood plates the automatic drilling machine comes to the target position through the automatic lift system. The drilling machine drills the particular position and moving up direction then , The wood plate will rotate for next position. The drilling machine drills the next position also like this the machine will drills the no of wood plates and different positions also.ignals. The automatic sensing the wood plate system is provided with the IR sensors placed at a target place. These sensors gives the wood plates are located in the particular position status to the embedded controller at the motor to which they are connected. The controller operates the drilling machine as per the received signal from the IR sensors.
SCHEMATIC:
Power Supply:
The power supply consists of ac voltage transformer, diode rectifier, ripple filter, and voltage regulators. The transformer is an AC device, which increases or decreases the input supply voltage without change in frequency. There are 2 types of transformers. One of Step-up and the other is Step-down. Here we are using a Step-down transformer, which decreases the 230 supply volts to 12 volts. The rectifier is a device which converts an AC voltage to the pulsating DC voltage. Here IN4007 diodes are used as rectifiers. A bridge type full wave rectifier is constructed using these diodes, as its efficiency is 81.2% and ripple factor is 0.482.
After the rectification, the output voltage signal contains both an average dc component and a time varying ac component called the ripple. To reduce or eliminate the ac component, one needs low pass filter(s). The low pass filter allows the dc component to pass through it but attenuate the ac at 60 Hz or its harmonics, i.e., 120 Hz. Here we use 1000Mf, 470Mf & 100Mf capacitors at the o/p and i/p of regulators. The 12v DC output of the filter is passed through voltage regulators of 7812 & 7805. “78” indicates that it is a regulator for positive voltage. There is a corresponding “79” model for negative voltage. “12” indicates that it has an output of 12 V. similarly we are connecting a 7805 to the 7812 regulator o/p, to generate 5volts. An LED in series to a 100ohms resistor is connected in parallel to the output voltage to indicate the supply. And also a switch is connected in series to the o/p voltage terminal to ON/OFF the supply.
DC Motor:
DC motors are configured in many types and sizes, including brush less, servo, and gear motor types. A motor consists of a rotor and a permanent magnetic field stator. The magnetic field is maintained using either permanent magnets or electromagnetic windings. DC motors are most commonly used in variable speed and torque.
Motion and controls cover a wide range of components that in some way are used to generate and/or control motion. Areas within this category include bearings and bushings, clutches and brakes, controls and drives, drive components, encoders and resolves, Integrated motion control, limit switches, linear actuators, linear and rotary motion components, linear position sensing, motors (both AC and DC motors), orientation position sensing, pneumatics and pneumatic components, positioning stages, slides and guides, power transmission (mechanical), seals, slip rings, solenoids, springs.
Motors are the devices that provide the actual speed and torque in a drive system. This family includes AC motor types (single and multiphase motors, universal, servo motors, induction, synchronous, and gear motor) and DC motors (brush less, servo motor, and gear motor) as well as linear, stepper and air motors, and motor contactors and starters.
In any electric motor, operation is based on simple electromagnetism. A current-carrying conductor generates a magnetic field; when this is then placed in an external magnetic field, it will experience a force proportional to the current in the conductor, and to the strength of the external magnetic field. As you are well aware of from playing with magnets as a kid, opposite (North and South) polarities attract, while like polarities (North and North, South and South) repel. The internal configuration of a DC motor is designed to harness the magnetic interaction between a current-carrying conductor and an external magnetic field to generate rotational motion.
Let's start by looking at a simple 2-pole DC electric motor (here red represents a magnet or winding with a "North" polarization, while green represents a magnet or winding with a "South" polarization).