A smart card, simply speaking, is a credit card sized plastic card with an embedded computer chip and some memory. You can put it to a wide variety of uses to help simplify your daily life. Shopping, identification, telephone services and licenses are just couples of them. ISO 7816 defines the smart cards standard it details the physical, electrical, mechanical and application programming interface for it.

Smart card technology Smart card technology has its historical origin in the late 60's and 70's when inventors in Germany, Japan and Fran ....etc

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hardware and software issues in smart cards ....etc

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ABSTRACT
The on-card implementation is actually a prime finding problem.So we should optimize the algorithms so that they become efficient, flexible and space saving. Along with these crypto coprocessors are also used to accelerate cryptography.Although smart cards are becoming used in an increasing number of applications, there is small literature of the implementation issues for smart cards. This paper describes the issues and considerations that need to be taken into account when implementing the key ge ....etc

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ABSTRACT
The origin of smart cards began when consumer requirements for convenience and security outpaced the capabilities of magnetic stripe cards. Providing increased data storage and added security, smart cards were introduced in Europe in the early 1980â„¢s as stored value cards for payphones. These early smart cards were disposable, and were an effective means to reduce losses. Todayâ„¢s smart cards are re-usable, hold large quantities of data, speed transaction times, identify the cardholder, and even provide loyalty benefits. A ....etc

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AN AREA-EFFICIENT UNIVERSAL CRYPTOGRAPHY PROCESSOR FOR SMART CARDS
Cryptography circuits for smart cards and portable electronic devices provide user authentication and secure data communication. These circuits should, in general, occupy small chip area, consume low power, handle several cryptography algorithms, and provide acceptable performance. This project is based on a hardware implementation of three standard cryptography algorithms on a universal architecture.The microcode cryptography processor targets smar ....etc

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Wardriving is searching for Wi-Fi wireless networks by moving vehicle. It involves using a car or truck and a Wi-Fi-equipped computer, such as a laptop or a PDA, to detect the networks. It was also known (as of 2002) as WiLDing (Wireless Lan Driving, although this term never gained any popularity and is no longer used), originating in the San Francisco Bay Area with the Bay Area Wireless Users Group (BAWUG). It is similar to using a scanner for radio.

Many wardrivers use GPS devices to measure the location of the network find and log it on a ....etc

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ABSTRACT
Wardriving is searching for Wi-Fi wireless networks by moving vehicle. It involves using a car or truck and a Wi-Fi-equipped computer, such as a laptop or a PDA, to detect the networks. It was also known as 'WiLDing' (Wireless Lan Driving).
Many wardrivers use GPS devices to measure the location of the network find and log it on a website. For better range, antennas are built or bought, and vary from omnidirectional to highly directional. Software for wardriving is freely available on the Internet, notably, NetS ....etc

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