Among the many environmental problems that offend and concern us perhaps none is as powerful and dramatic as water pollution. It is any undesirable change in physical, biological or chemical characteristics of water quality that adversely affects living organisms or makes water unsuitable for desirable use. Major sources that pollute water are domestic sewage and industrial effluents, acid rain etc. These are discharged into the rivers which in turn results in marine pollution.Marine pollution has been going on unnoticed for a long time by the ....etc

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Request about antenna effect in vlsi design ,abstract and ppt ....etc

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Chemical Mechanical Planarization (CMP) is an important process in semiconductor chip fabrication. In the CMP process, excess material is removed and the surface is planarized by the action of chemical and mechanical forces. Shallow Trench Isolation (STI) has become a key technology for device isolation in recent times. In this method, a shallow trench is made on the silicon wafer between active devices, silicon dioxide is deposited over the trench as well as the active area and the excess silicon dioxide is removed by CMP. The oxide remaining ....etc

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difference between plasma antenna and taditional antenna
....etc

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Layer Reassignment for Antenna Effect Minimization in 3-Layer Channel Routing


Abstract

As semiconductor technology enters the deep submicron em, reliability has
become a major challenge in the design and manufacturing of next generation
VLSI circuits. .ln this paper we focus on one reliability issue - the antenna
effect in the context of s-layer channel routing. We first present an antenna effect
model in Z-layer channel routing and, based on this, an antenna effect cost
function is proposed. A layer ....etc

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abstract and seminor report on antenna effect in vlsi design and ppt ....etc

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Differences between single effect evaporator and multiple effect evaporator ....etc

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Abstract and ppt on antenna effect in vlsi design ....etc

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Risk - Return Relationship & the effect of Diversification

Introduction:

Sometimes your best investments are the ones you don't make. This is a maxim which best explains the complexity of making investments. There are many investment avenues available for investors today. Different people have different motives for investing. For most investors their interest in investment is an expectation of some positive rate of return. But investors cannot overlook the fact that risk is inherent in any in ....etc

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