ARE NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES ENVIRONMENTALLY SUPERIOR TO GLASS FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES?
INTRODUCTION:-
• Natural fibers have been used to reinforce materials for
over 3,000 years.
• Many types of natural fibers have been investigated for
use in plastics .including , Flax, hemp, jute, straw,
wood fiber, rice husks,wheat,barley,oats .
• Natural fibers have the advantage that they are
renewable resources and have marketing appeal.
• Natural fibers are increasingly used in automotive a ....etc

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I want to do mini project on dual-link resiliency through back up page link mutual exclusion. so please send the complete information about the topic. if possible send the source code. my email id is
[email protected]. please send as early as possible. i hope u will replay me soon.thank you. ....etc

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fiber antenna for fibre free communication ppts
....etc

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pls send me as soon as possible ....etc

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pl tell me in details elements of optical fiber transmission page link ppt in half an hour ....etc

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pls give details of fiber antennas for free space communicTION ....etc

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A bidirectional page link using optical circulators



Introduction
The standard fiber cables in use today, shows variations in the attenuation characteristics. The minimum attenuation occurs at wavelengths around 1310 nm and 1550 nm. Any one of the above wavelengths is used for transmitting the signal using the laser diodes through the optical fiber. While constructing the bidirectional link, any one of the above wavelengths is considered and used for the bid ....etc

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Single-link failure detection in all-optical networks using monitoring cycles and paths

In this paper, we consider the problem of fault localization in all-optical networks. We introduce the concept of monitoring cycles (MCs) and monitoring paths (MPs) for unique identification of single-link failures. MCs and MPs are required to pass through one or more monitoring locations. They are constructed such that any single-link failure results in the failure of a unique combination of MCs and MPs that pass through the monitoring location(s). For ....etc

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Why fiber?
Speed- operates at high speed upto gigabits
Bandwidth- large carrying capacity
Resistance- to EM noise
Provide electrical isolation
Distance- Signals can be transmitted further without need of repeaters
Maintenance cost- less
Requirements of digital fiber link
No. of digital signal – 8
No. of fiber cable – 1
Signal frequency- 0-20KHz
I/p-O/p voltage level- 0 & 24 V for (0 & 1 digital logic)
Transmission Range- 300m
Here, we have selected HFBR-1521 transmitter and HFBR-2521 receiver ....etc

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Dual-Link Failure Resiliency Through Backup Link Mutual Exclusion

Abstract”
Networks employ page link protection to achieve fast recovery. While the first page link failure can be protected using page link protection, there are several alternatives for protecting against the second failure. This paper formally classifies the approaches to dual-link failure resiliency. One of the strategies to recover from dual-link failures is to employ page link protection for the two failed links independently, which requires that two links may ....etc

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