22-04-2011, 11:28 AM
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ABSTRACT
The electronic voting system is a package which manage the voter, candidateand voting on electronically. This system keeps the record of the list of candidatesand voters information for voting purpose. The maintainance of the system isconsidered by a main menu of 4 options as :
1. For Voters
2. For Candidates
3. For start voting
4. Exit
and uses 4 different files to manage the complete system.
All the files are included in this program and call automatically when it required.
voting1.c - Program related to voters
voting1c.c - Program related to candidates
voting3.c - Abouting voting
The voting1.c manages the voters information with a proper menu system as:
FILE EDIT PRINT HELP EXIT
Here, the FILE menu manages the informations of new voter, display information and display the existing voters list. The EDIT menu manages modification of voters information and make provision for deleting the voter information. Similarly the PRINT menu takes printout of the as usual copies of voter information.
INTRODUCTION
Elections allow the populace to choose their representatives and express their preferences for how they will be governed. Naturally, the integrity of the election process is fundamental to the integrity of democracy itself. The election system must be sufficiently robust to withstand a variety of fraudulent behaviors and must be sufficiently transparent and comprehensible that voters and candidates can accept the results of an election. Unsurprisingly, history is littered with examples of elections being manipulated in order to influence their outcome.
ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEMS. There have been several studies on using computer technologies to improve elections . These studies caution against the risks of moving too quickly to adopt electronic voting machines because of the software engineering challenges, insider threats, network vulnerabilities ,and the challenges of auditing
Electronic voting (also known as e-voting) is a term encompassing several different types of voting, embracing both electronic means of casting a vote and electronic means of counting votes. Electronic voting technology can speed the counting of ballots and can provide improved accessibility for disabled voters. However, there has been controversy, especially in the United States, that electronic voting, especially DRE voting, can facilitate electoral fraud
Traditionally, a voting machine has been defined by the mechanism the system uses to cast votes and further categorized by the location where the system tabulates the votes.
Voting machines have different usability, security, efficiency and accuracy. Certain systems may be more or less accessible to all voters, or not accessible to those voters with certain types of disabilities. They can also have an effect on the public's ability to oversee elections.
Electronic voting systems may offer some advantages over traditional voting techniques. An electronic voting system can be involved in any one of a number of steps in distributing, voting, collecting, and counting ballots , and thus may or may not introduce advantages into any of these steps.
Here, this system is made in C plateform , this program contains four parts , main Menu, candidate’s information, voter’s information , and the election report. In main menu there is code for main screen is defined, as well as the page link between whole four parts are there.
With the running of program a screen will be there which provide options for entering information about candidate , information about voter, editing information etc. with entering proper informations or inputs anyone can handle this system efficiently.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
The design of software can have a significant effect on its vulnerability to
Malware . Both the complexity of the code and the way it is designed can have an
Impact . It is a general principle of computer security that the more complex a piece
of software is, the more vulnerable it is to attack. That is because more complex
code will have more places that malware can be hidden and more potential
vulnerabilities that could be exploited, and is more difficult to analyze for security
problems . In fact, attackers often discover and exploit vulnerabilities that were
unknown to the developer, and many experts argue that it is impossible to anticipate all possible weaknesses and points of attack for complex software. With
machin e requires relatively complex software, since it serves as a voter interface,
records the ballot choices, and tallies the votes cast on the machine . The first
function requires the most complex software, especially if the machine is to be fully accessible to all voters. The code used in optical-scan and punchcard readers can be simpler, as it performs fewer functions.
Software code that is not well-designed from a security perspective is more likely than well-designed code to have points of attack and weaknesses that could be exploited, as well as places for malware to be hidden. However, code can be
designed so as to minimize such vulnerabilities, and well-developed procedures have
been established to accomplish this goal . These procedures can be applied to both
new and legacy systems . Good design involves not only the code itself, but also the
process by which it is developed and evaluated. DRE code has been criticized with
respect to its design, although the proprietary nature of the software has precluded
thorough public assessment. The systems may also use commercial off-the-shelf
software for functions such as the operating system, and that software could also have.
This whole program is divided into four parts . In first that is main menu . The code for main pages are available in it . This is done with the help of including some library heder files like conio.h, stdio.h , graphics.h etc. There are so many functions are used in it Which helps to get main screen .This main menu also contain a menu function and the links to all other three parts.
// Files related with voter, candidate and voting
#include "d:\turboc3\projectc\voting1.c" // Voter
#include "d:\turboc3\projectc\voting1c.c" // Candidate
#include "d:\turboc3\projectc\voting3.c" // Voting
This will call all the three sub programs with in this part and hence this program will run .
The next subpart is voting1.c .This will provide us the facilities to save the information about voter as well as also provide to edit and display it .
void add_voter () ; // Adding new voter in the database
void modify_voter () ; // Modifying the voter information
void del_voter () ; // Deleting the voter from list
void displaycode_voter () ; // Checking the voter is exists or not
void showlist_voter () ; // Showing the voter's list
This all are the functions which logically handle this part .The function called modify voter will enable us to modify the voter’s information . With the help of structure pointer as well as loops this task is complited . Next add and delete voter function provides us to add and delete voters information .The all information which will be saved by user will get saved in pointer as well as strings memory .Show list will display the all information about every voter .
The next is voting1c.c which provides the information about the candidates .
As we have seen in previous part all similar function are used to manipulate or save candidates information .
int fcode (int) ; // Finding a candidate code
void display (int) ; // Display the candidate information
void add1 () ; // Adding new candidate
void modify1 () ; // Modifying candidates information
void del1 () ; // Deleting candidate from list
void displaycode1 () ; // Displaying the candidate information
void showlist1 () ; // Showing the candidates list
void print (int, int, int, int) ; // Activate the printer
This all are the functions used in this subprogram to manage this task .The fcode function is provides code which finds candidate information .The simple logic of IF used in loop will do this task .the add1 modify1 display showlist and del1 is the functions which have same use as well as logic as stated in previous part. The next is print function which enables user to take printout of any information
The next is voting3.c which provides user to hold election .This will provide for voting as well as counting votes. The end result will also be declared by this subprogram . This contains following functions .
void showlistf(); // Displaying list of candidates and voters
void final(); // Preparing final list for winner
void vote () ; // Casting vote or checking for vote
void showlist1 () ;
void showlist () ;
void fmain(void); // To starting voting main menu
This are the functions used in this subprogram .The function fmain provides to start voting .The function vote will provide for checking vote .This is a kind of complicated function which see whether a voter is voting once or not. If the voter will vote twice or more than with help of this function he or she can be prevented to do this . The lastly show list function displays the winner.
ABSTRACT
The electronic voting system is a package which manage the voter, candidateand voting on electronically. This system keeps the record of the list of candidatesand voters information for voting purpose. The maintainance of the system isconsidered by a main menu of 4 options as :
1. For Voters
2. For Candidates
3. For start voting
4. Exit
and uses 4 different files to manage the complete system.
All the files are included in this program and call automatically when it required.
voting1.c - Program related to voters
voting1c.c - Program related to candidates
voting3.c - Abouting voting
The voting1.c manages the voters information with a proper menu system as:
FILE EDIT PRINT HELP EXIT
Here, the FILE menu manages the informations of new voter, display information and display the existing voters list. The EDIT menu manages modification of voters information and make provision for deleting the voter information. Similarly the PRINT menu takes printout of the as usual copies of voter information.
INTRODUCTION
Elections allow the populace to choose their representatives and express their preferences for how they will be governed. Naturally, the integrity of the election process is fundamental to the integrity of democracy itself. The election system must be sufficiently robust to withstand a variety of fraudulent behaviors and must be sufficiently transparent and comprehensible that voters and candidates can accept the results of an election. Unsurprisingly, history is littered with examples of elections being manipulated in order to influence their outcome.
ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEMS. There have been several studies on using computer technologies to improve elections . These studies caution against the risks of moving too quickly to adopt electronic voting machines because of the software engineering challenges, insider threats, network vulnerabilities ,and the challenges of auditing
Electronic voting (also known as e-voting) is a term encompassing several different types of voting, embracing both electronic means of casting a vote and electronic means of counting votes. Electronic voting technology can speed the counting of ballots and can provide improved accessibility for disabled voters. However, there has been controversy, especially in the United States, that electronic voting, especially DRE voting, can facilitate electoral fraud
Traditionally, a voting machine has been defined by the mechanism the system uses to cast votes and further categorized by the location where the system tabulates the votes.
Voting machines have different usability, security, efficiency and accuracy. Certain systems may be more or less accessible to all voters, or not accessible to those voters with certain types of disabilities. They can also have an effect on the public's ability to oversee elections.
Electronic voting systems may offer some advantages over traditional voting techniques. An electronic voting system can be involved in any one of a number of steps in distributing, voting, collecting, and counting ballots , and thus may or may not introduce advantages into any of these steps.
Here, this system is made in C plateform , this program contains four parts , main Menu, candidate’s information, voter’s information , and the election report. In main menu there is code for main screen is defined, as well as the page link between whole four parts are there.
With the running of program a screen will be there which provide options for entering information about candidate , information about voter, editing information etc. with entering proper informations or inputs anyone can handle this system efficiently.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
The design of software can have a significant effect on its vulnerability to
Malware . Both the complexity of the code and the way it is designed can have an
Impact . It is a general principle of computer security that the more complex a piece
of software is, the more vulnerable it is to attack. That is because more complex
code will have more places that malware can be hidden and more potential
vulnerabilities that could be exploited, and is more difficult to analyze for security
problems . In fact, attackers often discover and exploit vulnerabilities that were
unknown to the developer, and many experts argue that it is impossible to anticipate all possible weaknesses and points of attack for complex software. With
machin e requires relatively complex software, since it serves as a voter interface,
records the ballot choices, and tallies the votes cast on the machine . The first
function requires the most complex software, especially if the machine is to be fully accessible to all voters. The code used in optical-scan and punchcard readers can be simpler, as it performs fewer functions.
Software code that is not well-designed from a security perspective is more likely than well-designed code to have points of attack and weaknesses that could be exploited, as well as places for malware to be hidden. However, code can be
designed so as to minimize such vulnerabilities, and well-developed procedures have
been established to accomplish this goal . These procedures can be applied to both
new and legacy systems . Good design involves not only the code itself, but also the
process by which it is developed and evaluated. DRE code has been criticized with
respect to its design, although the proprietary nature of the software has precluded
thorough public assessment. The systems may also use commercial off-the-shelf
software for functions such as the operating system, and that software could also have.
This whole program is divided into four parts . In first that is main menu . The code for main pages are available in it . This is done with the help of including some library heder files like conio.h, stdio.h , graphics.h etc. There are so many functions are used in it Which helps to get main screen .This main menu also contain a menu function and the links to all other three parts.
// Files related with voter, candidate and voting
#include "d:\turboc3\projectc\voting1.c" // Voter
#include "d:\turboc3\projectc\voting1c.c" // Candidate
#include "d:\turboc3\projectc\voting3.c" // Voting
This will call all the three sub programs with in this part and hence this program will run .
The next subpart is voting1.c .This will provide us the facilities to save the information about voter as well as also provide to edit and display it .
void add_voter () ; // Adding new voter in the database
void modify_voter () ; // Modifying the voter information
void del_voter () ; // Deleting the voter from list
void displaycode_voter () ; // Checking the voter is exists or not
void showlist_voter () ; // Showing the voter's list
This all are the functions which logically handle this part .The function called modify voter will enable us to modify the voter’s information . With the help of structure pointer as well as loops this task is complited . Next add and delete voter function provides us to add and delete voters information .The all information which will be saved by user will get saved in pointer as well as strings memory .Show list will display the all information about every voter .
The next is voting1c.c which provides the information about the candidates .
As we have seen in previous part all similar function are used to manipulate or save candidates information .
int fcode (int) ; // Finding a candidate code
void display (int) ; // Display the candidate information
void add1 () ; // Adding new candidate
void modify1 () ; // Modifying candidates information
void del1 () ; // Deleting candidate from list
void displaycode1 () ; // Displaying the candidate information
void showlist1 () ; // Showing the candidates list
void print (int, int, int, int) ; // Activate the printer
This all are the functions used in this subprogram to manage this task .The fcode function is provides code which finds candidate information .The simple logic of IF used in loop will do this task .the add1 modify1 display showlist and del1 is the functions which have same use as well as logic as stated in previous part. The next is print function which enables user to take printout of any information
The next is voting3.c which provides user to hold election .This will provide for voting as well as counting votes. The end result will also be declared by this subprogram . This contains following functions .
void showlistf(); // Displaying list of candidates and voters
void final(); // Preparing final list for winner
void vote () ; // Casting vote or checking for vote
void showlist1 () ;
void showlist () ;
void fmain(void); // To starting voting main menu
This are the functions used in this subprogram .The function fmain provides to start voting .The function vote will provide for checking vote .This is a kind of complicated function which see whether a voter is voting once or not. If the voter will vote twice or more than with help of this function he or she can be prevented to do this . The lastly show list function displays the winner.
