04-07-2016, 10:47 AM
please visit Icse class X banking project
Icse class X banking project
A banker or bank is a financial institution that acts as a payment agent for customers, and borrows and lends money. In some countries such as Germany, banks are the primary owners of industrial corporations while in other countries such as the United States banks are prohibited from owning non-financial companies.
Banks borrow money by accepting funds deposited on current account, accepting term deposits and by issuing debt securities such as banknotes and bonds. Banks lend money by making advances to customers on current account, by making instalment loans, and by investing in marketable debt securities and other forms of lending.
Banks provide almost all payment services, and a bank account is considered indispensable by most businesses, individuals and governments. Non-banks that provide payment services such as remittance companies are not normally considered an adequate substitute for having a bank account.
Banks borrow most funds borrowed from households and non-financial businesses, and lend most funds lent to households and non-financial businesses, but non-bank lenders provide a significant and in many cases adequate substitute for bank loans, and money market funds, cash management trusts and other non-bank financial institutions in many cases provide an adequate substitute to banks for lending savings to.
TYPES OF BANKS:-
the main types of banks are:-
1.CENTRAL BANK:- The central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority, is the entity responsible for the monetary policy of a country or of a group of member states. Its primary responsibility is to maintain the stability of the national currency and money supply, but more active duties include controlling subsidized-loan interest rates, and acting as a "bailout" lender of last resort to the banking sector during times of financial crisis (private banks often being integral to the national financial system). It may also have supervisory powers, to ensure that banks and other financial institutions do not behave recklessly or fraudulently.
FUNCTIONS OF CENTRAL BANK:-
The important functions of Central Banks are as follows:-
1-Sole right of note issue
The Central Bank in every country, now, has the monopoly note issue. The issue of notes is governed by certain regulation which is enforced by the state.
2-Banker to the state
A Central Bank acts as a banker to the government. It holds cash balances of the government free of interest.
3-Banker’s bank.
The central bank acts as a banker to the commercial banks.
4-Banker’s clearing house
The Central Bank acts as a clearing house for the settlement of mutual obligations of different commercial banks. If a difference exists, it is paid by a cheque drawn on the banks accounts carried at the Central Bank.
5-Lendor to the last resort
The Central Bank helps the member banks in times of crisis.
6-Financial agent
The Central Banks act as financial agents for the government. It is an agent for the government in purchasing and selling of gold and foreign exchange.
7-Effective monetary policy
The aim of the government is to create employment in the country, resist undue inflation and achieve a favorable balance of payment.
8-External functions
The Central Bank also performs a number of external functions.
2.COMMERCIAL BANKS:-a commercial bank is an institution which accepts deposits of money from the public and provides loans and advances to businessmn and others.It also performs other related functions. STATE BANK OF INDIA is the largest commercial bank of india.
FUNCTIONS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS:-
Commercial banking activites are different than those of investment banking, which include underwriting, acting as an intermediary between an issuer of securities and the investing public, facilitating mergers and other corporate reorganizations, and also acting as a broker for institutional clients.
Bank that offers a broad range of deposit accounts, including checking, savings and time deposits and extends loans to individuals and business. Commercial banks can be contrasted with investment banking firms, such as brokerage firms, which generally are involved in arranging for the sale of corporate or municipal securities......
3.INDUSTRIAL BANK:- These r the banks which provide long term fnance to industries.these banks also offers technical & managerial assistance.their main purpose is to ASSIST IN THE PROMOTION OF NEW INDUSTRIAL UNITS.These r also known as DEVELOPMENT BANKS.
Industrial finance corporation of india(IFCI) & Industrial development bank of india(IDBI) r examples.....
4.EXCHANGE BANKS:-these r a type of commercial banks.Their main function is FINANCING OF FOREIGN TRADE. They provide the following services:-
a) discounting of foreign bills of exchanges.
b) financing foreign trade
c)facilitating foreign remittances
d) buying & selling of gold n silver.
5.AGRICULTURAL BANKS:- these banks provide long term finance to agriculture sector . they r also known as LAND MORTGAGE BANKS bcuz loans r granted generally against mortgage of agricultural land.eg:- THE NATIONAL BANK FOR AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT(NABARD).
Icse class X banking project
A banker or bank is a financial institution that acts as a payment agent for customers, and borrows and lends money. In some countries such as Germany, banks are the primary owners of industrial corporations while in other countries such as the United States banks are prohibited from owning non-financial companies.
Banks borrow money by accepting funds deposited on current account, accepting term deposits and by issuing debt securities such as banknotes and bonds. Banks lend money by making advances to customers on current account, by making instalment loans, and by investing in marketable debt securities and other forms of lending.
Banks provide almost all payment services, and a bank account is considered indispensable by most businesses, individuals and governments. Non-banks that provide payment services such as remittance companies are not normally considered an adequate substitute for having a bank account.
Banks borrow most funds borrowed from households and non-financial businesses, and lend most funds lent to households and non-financial businesses, but non-bank lenders provide a significant and in many cases adequate substitute for bank loans, and money market funds, cash management trusts and other non-bank financial institutions in many cases provide an adequate substitute to banks for lending savings to.
TYPES OF BANKS:-
the main types of banks are:-
1.CENTRAL BANK:- The central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority, is the entity responsible for the monetary policy of a country or of a group of member states. Its primary responsibility is to maintain the stability of the national currency and money supply, but more active duties include controlling subsidized-loan interest rates, and acting as a "bailout" lender of last resort to the banking sector during times of financial crisis (private banks often being integral to the national financial system). It may also have supervisory powers, to ensure that banks and other financial institutions do not behave recklessly or fraudulently.
FUNCTIONS OF CENTRAL BANK:-
The important functions of Central Banks are as follows:-
1-Sole right of note issue
The Central Bank in every country, now, has the monopoly note issue. The issue of notes is governed by certain regulation which is enforced by the state.
2-Banker to the state
A Central Bank acts as a banker to the government. It holds cash balances of the government free of interest.
3-Banker’s bank.
The central bank acts as a banker to the commercial banks.
4-Banker’s clearing house
The Central Bank acts as a clearing house for the settlement of mutual obligations of different commercial banks. If a difference exists, it is paid by a cheque drawn on the banks accounts carried at the Central Bank.
5-Lendor to the last resort
The Central Bank helps the member banks in times of crisis.
6-Financial agent
The Central Banks act as financial agents for the government. It is an agent for the government in purchasing and selling of gold and foreign exchange.
7-Effective monetary policy
The aim of the government is to create employment in the country, resist undue inflation and achieve a favorable balance of payment.
8-External functions
The Central Bank also performs a number of external functions.
2.COMMERCIAL BANKS:-a commercial bank is an institution which accepts deposits of money from the public and provides loans and advances to businessmn and others.It also performs other related functions. STATE BANK OF INDIA is the largest commercial bank of india.
FUNCTIONS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS:-
Commercial banking activites are different than those of investment banking, which include underwriting, acting as an intermediary between an issuer of securities and the investing public, facilitating mergers and other corporate reorganizations, and also acting as a broker for institutional clients.
Bank that offers a broad range of deposit accounts, including checking, savings and time deposits and extends loans to individuals and business. Commercial banks can be contrasted with investment banking firms, such as brokerage firms, which generally are involved in arranging for the sale of corporate or municipal securities......
3.INDUSTRIAL BANK:- These r the banks which provide long term fnance to industries.these banks also offers technical & managerial assistance.their main purpose is to ASSIST IN THE PROMOTION OF NEW INDUSTRIAL UNITS.These r also known as DEVELOPMENT BANKS.
Industrial finance corporation of india(IFCI) & Industrial development bank of india(IDBI) r examples.....
4.EXCHANGE BANKS:-these r a type of commercial banks.Their main function is FINANCING OF FOREIGN TRADE. They provide the following services:-
a) discounting of foreign bills of exchanges.
b) financing foreign trade
c)facilitating foreign remittances
d) buying & selling of gold n silver.
5.AGRICULTURAL BANKS:- these banks provide long term finance to agriculture sector . they r also known as LAND MORTGAGE BANKS bcuz loans r granted generally against mortgage of agricultural land.eg:- THE NATIONAL BANK FOR AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT(NABARD).
