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An unmanned land vehicle (UGV) is a vehicle that operates while in contact with the ground and without a human presence on board. UGVs can be used for many applications where it can be inconvenient, dangerous, or impossible to have a human operator present. Generally, the vehicle will have a set of sensors to observe the environment and make autonomous decisions about its behavior or pass the information to a human operator in a different place that will control the vehicle through teleoperation. The UGV is the terrestrial counterpart of unmanned aerial vehicles and remotely operated submarine vehicles. Unmanned robotics is being actively developed for both civilian and military use to perform a variety of boring, dirty, and dangerous activities.
History
A working remote control car was reported in the October 1921 issue of the RCA World Wide Wireless magazine. The car was unmanned and wirelessly controlled through the radio; It was thought that technology could someday be adapted to tanks. In the 1930s, the USSR developed Teletanks, a tank armed with machine guns remotely controlled by radio from another tank. These were used in the Winter War (1939-1940) against Finland and at the beginning of the Eastern Front after Germany invaded the USSR in 1941. During World War II, the British developed a radio control version of their tank Of infantry Matilda II in 1941 Known as "Black Prince", it would have been used to draw the fire of the hidden antitank guns, or for the demolition missions. Due to the costs of converting the tank transmission system to Wilson type gearboxes, an order of 60 tanks was canceled.
From 1942, the Germans used the tied Goliath mine for work away from the demolition. The Goliath was a small vehicle with 60 kg of explosive charge directed through a control cable. His inspiration was a French miniature vehicle found after the defeat of France in 1940. The combination of cost, low speed, reliance on a cable for control, and poor protection against guns meant that it was not considered a success.
The first mobile robot development effort called Shakey was created during the 1960s as a research study for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency for Artificial Intelligence (DARPA-AI) to test its obedience with commands, which is different Of advanced robots that are autonomous or semi-autonomous. Shakey was a rolled platform that had a TV camera, sensors and a computer to help guide his navigation tasks from picking up wooden blocks and placing them in certain command-based areas.