Transgenic and their future prospectives

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How are (they) transgenic animals made?

There are three main ways to produce transgenic animals: microinjection, blastocyst injection, and the help of a retrovirus.


Microinjection:


This involves injecting a trangene, the gene used to create a transgenic animal, into a fertilized egg.

There is little ability to determine where the transgenic is located and whether it will survive.

Because of this, most eggs do not survive or do not have the transgene, but between 1% and 30% of the eggs injected can produce a live transgenic animal.

Blastocyst Injection:
This involves placing the transgene into an embryonic stem cell or ES cell.

ES cells are cells that are able to develop into all types of tissues.

The cells are injected into blastocysts, which is an early stage of development. The injected ES cells become part of the animal and the animal becomes a mixture of transgenic and original cells.