30-07-2011, 03:19 PM
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Abstract:
TOUCH SCREEN
First computers became more visual, then they took a step further to understand vocal commands and now they have gone a step further and became TOUCHY', that is skin to screen. A touch screen is a display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area, generally refers to touch or contact to the display of the device by a finger or hand. The screens are sensitive to pressure; a user interacts with the computer by touching pictures or words on the screen. Touchscreens can also sense other passive objects, such as a stylus.
A touch system consists of a touch Sensor that receives the touch input, a Controller, and a Driver. The most commonly used touch technologies are the Capacitive & Resistive systems. The other technologies used in this field are Infrared technology, Near Field Imaging & SAW (surface acoustic wave technology).
The touchscreen has two main attributes. First, it enables one to interact with what is displayed directly on the screen, where it is displayed, rather than indirectly with a mouse or touchpad. Secondly, it lets one do so without requiring any intermediate device, again, such as a stylus that needs to be held in the hand. Such displays can be attached to computers or, as terminals to networks. They also play a prominent role in many applications such as ATM's, point-of-sale systems, industrial controls, casinos & public kiosks , the design of digital appliances such as the personal digital assistant (PDA), satellite navigation devices, mobile phones, and video games etc…
Introduction:
A touch screen is a computer display screen that is sensitive
to human touch, allowing a user to interact with the computer by touching
pictures or words on the screen.
A touch screen system includes a 1. Touch screen panel,
2. controller and
3. software driver.
The touch screen sensor is a clear panel that is designed to fit over a
PC. When the screen is touched, the sensor detects the voltage change and passes the
signal to the touch screen controller. The controller that reads & translates the sensor
input into a conventional bus protocol (Serial, USB) and a software driver which
converts the bus information to cursor action as well as providing systems utilities.
Touch screens are used with information kiosks, computer based training devices, and systems designed to help individuals who have difficulty manipulating a mouse or keyboard. The touch screen panel is a clear panel attached externally to the monitor that plugs into a serial or Universal Serial Bus (USB) port or a bus card installed inside the computer.
Touch screen technology can be used as an alternative user interface with applications that normally require a mouse, such as a Web browser. Some applications are designed specifically for touch screen technology, often having larger icons and links than the typical PC application. Monitors are available with built-in touch screen technology or individuals can purchase a touch screen kit.
History of Touch screen
Touchscreens emerged from corporate research labs in the second half of the 1940s. Touchscreens first gained some visibility with the invention of the computer-assisted learning terminal, which came out in 1975 as part of the PLATO project. Touchscreens have subsequently become familiar in everyday life.
The first "touch sensor” ,was first developed by Dr. Sam Hurst, founder of Elographics, while he was an instructor at the University of Kentucky in 1971. This sensor was called the "Elograph", and was patented by The University of Kentucky Research Foundation. The "Elograph" was not transparent as are touchscreens, but was a significant mile-stone for touch technology.
The first true touch screen came on the scene in 1974, again developed by Dr.Hurst, of Elographics. In 1977, Elographics developed and patented five-wire resistive technology, the most popular touch screen technology in use today. On February 24, 1994, the company officially changed Its name from Elographics to Elo TouchSystems.