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Electromagnetic clutches operate electrically but transmit torque mechanically. That's why they used to be called electromechanical clutches. Over the years, EM is known as electromagnetic versus electromechanical, referring more to its method of action versus physical operation. Since clutches began to be popular more than 60 years ago, the variety of applications and clutch designs has increased dramatically, but the basic operation remains the same today. Single-sided clutches account for approximately 90% of all sales of electromagnetic clutch.
Electromagnetic clutches are best suited for remote operation since no mechanical links are required to control their coupling, providing quick and smooth operation. However, because the activation energy is dissipated as heat in the electromagnetic actuator when the clutch is engaged, there is a risk of overheating. Consequently, the maximum operating temperature of the clutch is limited by the insulation temperature rating of the electromagnet. This is an important limitation. Another disadvantage is the higher initial cost.
These clutches use a single plate friction surface to engage the inlet and outlet members of the clutch. This style of clutch is used in applications ranging from copiers to conveyor drives. They are the most common type of electromechanical clutches. Other applications for these clutches could include packaging machinery, printing machinery, food processing machinery and factory automation.
It can be understood in the following video: