PERISTALTIC SELF INFLATING TYRE SYSTEM

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SYNOPSIS

This project “LINE FOLLOWER VEHICLE” is carried out in our college.
To get an exposure about the Pre final year mini project, the university has included in our curriculum this semester.
The design and manufacturing are one of the major parts of the Mechanical Engineering branch. Hence in this project we have designed and fabricated a line follower which helps in load carrying application.
We have got some knowledge about a project, steps involved in a project and how to organize it.
The present condition in Industry is that they are using the crane system to carry the parcels from one place to another, including harbors. Sometimes the lifting of big weights may cause the breakage of lifting materials and will cause damage to the parcels too.
Application of the proposed system is for industries. The robot movement depends on the track. Use of this line follower is to transport the materials from one place to another place in the industry. IR transmitter and receiver are used to find the obstacles in the path.



INTRODUCTION

1.1 LINE FOLLOWER:

Line follower is a machine that can follow a path. The path can be visible like a black line on a white surface (or vice-versa) or it can be invisible like a magnetic field.

A ‘Line-Follower’ is an autonomous machine that performs the function of following a given path. This path can be a white line on a black background or vice-versa. The robot makes use of sensors to sense the path. The line is usually black or white in colour with a contrasting background.

The most advanced arena will consist of junctions, diversions, splits in path and inversion of the colour of the line.

1.2 HOW TO TACKLE THE PROBLEM?

The follower will have to sense the line and change its trajectory using the information received. The simplest method to have is to have four sensors and a motor drive.


Requirement of Line Follower:

This must be capable of following a line,

It should be capable of taking various degrees of turns
It must be prepared of a situation that it runs into a territory which has no line to follow.
It must also be capable of following a line even if it has breaks.
It must be insensitive to environmental factors such as lighting and noise.
It must allow calibration of the line’s darkness threshold.
Scalability must be a primary concern in the design.
The color of the line must not be a factor as long as it is darker than the surroundings.


2.2 DESCRIPTION OF DEVICES

2.2.1BATTERY:
An electrical battery is one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy.
2.2.2 VOLTAGE REGULATOR:
A voltage regulator is an electrical regulator designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level. Voltage regulators convert fixed DC output voltage from variable DC. The most commonly used ones are 7805 and 7812. 7805 gives fixed 5V DC voltage if input voltage is in between 7.5V to 20V.
They help to maintain a steady voltage level despite varying current demands and input voltage variations.

Features of Voltage regulator:
• Output Current up to 1A
• Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24V
• Thermal Overload Protection
• Short Circuit Protection
• Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection

2.2.3 SENSOR CIRCUIT:

The main part of sensor
a. Transmitter
b. Receiver
C. Comparator