26-04-2011, 03:47 PM
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ABSTRACT
In spite of the improvement of communication page link and despite all progress in advanced communication technologies, there are still very few functioning commercial wireless monitoring systems, which are most off-line, and there are still a number of issues to deal with.
Therefore, there is a strong need for investigating the possibility of design and implementation of an interactive real-time wireless communication system. In our project, a generic real-time wireless communication system was designed and developed for short and long term remote patient-monitoring applying wireless protocol. The primary function of this system is to monitor the temperature and Heart Beat of the Patient and the Data collected by the sensors are sent to the Microcontroller. The Microcontroller transmits the data over the air. Here we are using the GSM modem in order to transmit the information.
From the transmitter the recordings are sent as an SMS to the care taker or the expert which have been given as the recipient. Not only we send the information through GSM module as SMS we also display the readings in the PC where we can record them and also keep a track on his/her previous history. And when the conditions go abnormal then we sense those values and then alarm the people around by blowing the alarm and also sending by sending as urgency SMS.
1.Introduction
As the goal of this project, we see a device that can detect ailments in a patient and inform them to the concerned medical personnel, without the intervention of even the patient himself. This process is done with the help of GSM technology. The GSM technology is used for reading and sending SMS to the concerned person.
Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communication. GSM is the name of a standardization group established in 1982 to create a common European mobile telephone standard that would formulate specifications for a pan-European mobile cellular radio system operating at 900 MHz. It is estimated that many countries outside of Europe will join the GSM partnership.
2.1 Block Diagram Description
In this block diagram, there is a micro controller, a heart beat sensor (Electrodes) circuitry, a GSM MODEM and a LCD Display.
The heart beat circuitry consists of a Quad Op-amp IC and three electrodes. These electrodes are placed to the patient who is suffering with high B.P as well as heart problems. The output of this circuitry is considered into logic levels and this output is given to one of the pin of the micro controller.
The GSM Modem is used for sending and receiving messages from the patient to a doctor and vice versa. Whenever the heart beat rate or the B.P. exceeds the threshold value. The micro controller will automatically send the signals to the GSM Modem. Through the GSM Modem, the message will gives to the concerned person or a doctor.
The LCD display is used to display the status of the GSM modem and as well as the heart beat rate continuously.
For the circuitry operation, it requires the +5V DC power supply.
2.2 Schematic Diagram
2.3 Schematic Description
2.3.1 Latch Connections to Micro controller
Pins Connections
9, 16 P3.0
2, 13 P3.1
19 P3.6
1 P3.7
10 GND
20 VCC
2.3.2 MAX-232 connections to microcontroller
Pins connections
11 This pin is connected to P3.1 (TXD) of the Micro controller
12 This pin is connected to P3.0 (RXD) of the Micro controller
13 This pin is connected to 3rd pin (TXD) of DB-9 connector
14 This pin is connected to 2nd pin (RXD) of DB-9 connector
15 Ground
16 Vcc (+5v)
2.3.3 LCD connections to Micro controller
Pins Connections
1 VSS (ground)
2 VCC (+5V)
3 10k pot
4 RS, this pin is connected to P2.7 of the micro controller
5 R/w, this pin is connected to P2.6 of the micro controller
6 EN, this pin is connected to P2.5 of the micro controller
7-14 (D0-D7) these pins are connected to the port (P0) of the micro controller
The heart beat sensor (Electrodes) circuitry is connected to the P3.2 of the micro controller.
3. Hardware Components
3.1 Micro Controller 89S52
3.1.1 Introduction
A Micro controller consists of a powerful CPU tightly coupled with memory, various I/O interfaces such as serial port, parallel port timer or counter, interrupt controller, data acquisition interfaces-Analog to Digital converter, Digital to Analog converter, integrated on to a single silicon chip
If a system is developed with a microprocessor, the designer has to go for external memory such as RAM, ROM, EPROM and peripherals. But controller is provided all these facilities on a single chip. Development of a Micro controller reduces PCB size and cost of design.
One of the major differences between a Microprocessor and a Micro controller is that a controller often deals with bits not bytes as in the real world application.
Intel has introduced a family of Micro controllers called the MCS-51.
3.1.2 The Major Features
• Compatible with MCS-51 products
• 4k Bytes of in-system Reprogrammable flash memory
• Fully static operation: 0HZ to 24MHZ
• Three level programmable clock
• 128 * 8 –bit timer/counters
• Six interrupt sources
• Programmable serial channel
• Low power idle power-down modes
AT89C52 is 8-bit micro controller, which has 4 KB on chip flash memory, which is just sufficient for our application. The on-chip Flash ROM allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in system or by conventional non-volatile memory Programmer. Moreover ATMEL is the leader in flash technology in today’s market place and hence using AT 89C52 is the optimal solution.
3.1.3 AT89S52 Microcontroller Architecture
The 89C52 architecture consists of these specific features:
• Eight –bit CPU with registers A (the accumulator) and B
• Sixteen-bit program counter (PC) and data pointer (DPTR)
• Eight- bit stack pointer (PSW)
• Eight-bit stack pointer (Sp)
• Internal ROM or EPROM (8751) of 0(8031) to 4K (89C51)
• Internal RAM of 128 bytes:
• Thirty –two input/output pins arranged as four 8-bit ports:p0-p3
• Two 16-bit timer/counters: T0 and T1
• Full duplex serial data receiver/transmitter: SBUF
• Control registers: TCON, TMOD, SCON, PCON, IP, and IE
• Two external and three internal interrupts sources.
• Oscillator and clock circuits.
