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METRO TRAIN PROTOTYPE

ABSTRACT
This project is designed so that students can understand the technology used in the now a day’s driver less metro train which is used in most of the developed countries like Germany, France, and Japan etc. These trains are equipped with the CPU, which control the train. The train is programmed for the specific path. Every station on the path is defined; stoppage timing of the train and distance between the two stations is predefined.
In this Project
In this project we try to give the same prototype for this type of trains. We are using microcontroller 8051 as CPU. The motion of the train is controlled by the Stepper Motor, for displaying message in the train we are using Intelligent LCD Display of two lines. The train is designed for three stations, named as Aligarh, Ghaziabad & New Delhi. The Stoppage time is of 3 Sec and time between two consecutive stations is 6 sec. There is a LCD display for showing various messages in the train for passengers. There are indicators, which are used to show the train direction i.e. Up path and Down path. Before stopping at station the train blows the buzzer. It also includes an emergency brake system due to which the train stops as soon as the brakes are applied and resumes journey when the emergency situation is over.
This paper describes a prototype that has been developed to demonstrate the concept of integrated gaming and simulation for incident management. Architecture for the purpose was developed and presented at the last conference. A hypothetical emergency incident scenario has been developed for demonstrating the applicability of integrated simulation and gaming. A number of simulation and gaming modules have been utilized to model the major aspects of the hypothetical scenario. The modules demonstrate the value of utilizing simulation for incident management applications. They can be used to highlight the value of simulation and gaming for training applications in particular. Two of the simulation modules have been integrated using a modified implementation of the high level architecture to give an idea of the advantages. Technical issues in integration are identified.

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This article is presented by:Santosh Singh Chauhan
Prakash Chandra Bharti
Pramod Kumar Singh
Punit Kumar Rurkiwal

CONCEPT OF METRO TRAIN

Preface


This training report is all about the embedded systems and its application in various fields of real world. We are living in the Embedded World. We are surrounded with many embedded products and our daily life largely depends on the proper functioning of these gadgets. Television, Radio, CD player, Washing Machine or Microwave Oven in our kitchen, Card readers, Access Controllers, Palm devices of our work space enable us to do many of our tasks very effectively. Apart from all these, many controllers embedded in our car take care of car operations between the bumpers. All kinds of magazines and journals regularly dish out details about latest technologies, new devices; fast applications which make us believe that our basic survival is controlled by these embedded products. Now we can agree to the fact that these embedded products have successfully invaded into our world. What is this Embedded System?

Theoretically, an embedded controller is a combination of piece of microprocessor based hardware and the suitable software to undertake a specific task.

I have made a Project based on Microcontroller that is a Prototype of Metro Train. This training report covers all about the microcontroller and project description. In this project I have implemented the Prototype of Metro Train that is describing a small application of microcontroller.

Profile of the Company- GnixINFOSOFT


Started as a software outsourcing center, Gnix has later diversified its activities by developing and distributing its own software solutions. Its expertise spans a wide and constantly expanding array of technologies and programming languages.
Gnix is the number one choice for global enterprises seeking offshore software development.
In the outsourcing arena it can offer anything from product design and development to maintenance of legacy systems, testing and technical support. In addition, it can handle Internet and intranet technologies, system programming, business applications and web-based solutions. While it focuses on Java and Microsoft technologies, it can cover other areas as well, by enlisting the help of their partner companies.

Gnix Philosophy and Mission in its own words
Driven by an insatiable desire to learn and adjust, we are aiming to build an enduring bridge for you, one that can take you to a world free of the IT&C worries.
Apply the principle "Think Unlimited" by letting us bring the future closer to you, so that when major and unexpected changes occur you are ready for them, even welcoming them with a peaceful smile on your face.

Company Partner- Ducat India
Ducat is a technology training partner, whose projects are focused on providing an extensible development platform and application frameworks for building software. Ducat provides extensible tools and frameworks that span the software development lifecycle, including support for modeling, language development environments for Java, .NET, ABAP/4, IBM Mainframe, AS/400, RTO-Linux, C/C++ and others, testing and performance, business intelligence, rich client applications and Embedded development.
Resulting from the profound combination of DUCAT's training and development experience, and its customer relationship processes, Ducat INDIA offers a complete tailored and personalized framework for supporting its existing and future customers, be it locally or globally.




SERVICES

Their Core Values
- Quality
- Reliability
- Responsibility
- Honesty
- Flexibility
- Elegance
Gnix is a highly experienced team of software developers specializing in emerging internet and web technologies. It builds professional, innovative and creative solutions for the web, based on open source components, open standards and frameworks. It works closely with their clients to provide a clear vision and understanding of how emerging technologies can be used to gain a distinct advantage over their competitors.

SUBMITTED BY
ABHINAV VIRAT BHAGAT
DEEVISH ARORA
GAZAL GOYAL

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INTRODUCTION
This project is designed so that students can understand the technology used in the now a day’s driver less metro train which is used in most of the developed countries like Germany, France, and Japan etc. These trains are equipped with the CPU, which control the train. The train is programmed for the specific path. Every station on the path is defined; stoppage timing of the train and distance between the two stations is predefined. This is very wonderful project to control the working of the train without driver. These train are equipped with the CPU which control the train.
1. 8051 Microcontroller
2. ULN 2003
3. Stepper motor
4. LCD
In this project we try to give the same prototype for this type of trains. We are using ATMEL microcontroller 8051 to control all the function as CPU. Microcontroller controls the rotation of motor. First the motor is controlled and name of each station is displayed over LCD and accordingly the different delay for each station is provided. So this project works for metro train without driver. The motion of the train is controlled by the Stepper Motor, for displaying message in the train we are using Intelligent LCD Display of two lines. The train is designed for three stations, named as New Delhi, Noida, and Greater Noida. The Stoppage time is of 3
Sec and time between two consecutive stations is 6 sec. There is a LCD display for showing various messages in the train for passengers. There are indicators, which are used to show the train direction i.e. UP path and down path. Before stopping at station the train blows the buzzer. It also includes an emergency brake system due to which the train stops as soon as the
brakes are applied and resumes journey when the emergency situation is over.
WHAT IS EMBEDDED TECHNOLOGY
Embedded technology is software or hardware that is hidden embedded in a large device or system. It typically refers to a fixed function device, as compared with a PC, which runs general purpose application. Embedded technology is nothing new. It all around us and has been for years. An early example of embedded technology is the engine control unit in a car, which measures what setting to give the engine. Your coffee maker has embedded technology in the form of a microcontroller, which is what tells it to make the coffee at 6 a.m. the vending machine has it too. Overall, billions of devices woven into everyday life use embedded technology.
In the past embedded technology existed in standalone device vending machines and copiers that did their jobs with little regard for what went on around them,. But as technology has learned to connect device to the internet and to each other, embedded technology potential has grown. Suddenly it is and what actions those connections let them perform. Cell phone companies figured that out a long time ago, which is why cell phones are cheap and the service, plans are expensive. It is not the phone itself that matters, but the connectivity to a vast network of other phones, other people and the internet. Until you download software that lets you find a local restaurant or mange your finances. Let say you make freezers the big, expensive kind that grocery stores buy. You sell ne and you are done with that customer. When it brakes the customer calls a service person, who probably comes from somewhere other than your company. But let us say that freezer knows that it is about to go on the fritz. Let say three refrigerator alerts the customer before it breaks. Better yet, let us say the freezer alerts the manufacturer and you are able to send a service person to do preventative work and save a lot of haagen- dazs from melting. Embedded technology allows all of that to happen. You, the freezer company have transformed yourself from a product company to product and services company. The possibilities go beyond that programming device to communicate with businesses can eliminate the need for costly call centers. Copy machines that can order their own replacement cartridges will save businesses time and money. Remember, the fact the technology is
embedded is not what important, and neither is the device.
APPLICATIONS
Telecom
Mobile phone systems (handsets and base stations), modems, routers
Automotive application
Braking system, Traction control, Airbag release system, Management units, and
Steer-by-wire systems.
Domestic application
Dishwasher, television, washing machines, microwave ovens, Video recorders, Security system, Garage door controllers, Calculators, Digital watches, VCRs, Digital cameras, Remote Controls, Treadmills
Robotic
Fire fighting robot, Automatic floor cleaner, robotic arm
Aerospace application
Flight control system, Engine controllers, Autopilots, Passenger entertainment system
Medical equipment
Anesthesia monitoring system, ECG monitors, Pacemakers, Drug delivery systems, MRI scanners
Defense system
Radar systems, Fighter aircraft flight control system, Radio system, Missile guidance systems
Office automation
Laser printers, Fax machines, Pagers, Cash registers, Gas pumps, Credit /Debit card readers, Thermostats, Grain analyzers

PRESENTED BY :-
AJAY SINGH DALAL
ADITI BIST
MANVI CHANDRA
MOHIT GERA

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“METRONICS”METRO TRAIN PROTOTYPE USING 8051 MICROCONTROLLER
SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
To design & develop prototype of Metro Train with following functions:
Auto stoppage of the train on few station.
Sensor base stoppage.
Auto braking in the front and in the back movement .
LCD display to show the station.
Auto reversal of the train.
Once you press the start switch, train would complete one cycle.
Voice Announcement
COMPONENTS USED
MICROCONTROLLER 8051
INFRA RED LED + PHOTODIODE PAIR(Total four pair)
TWO 9 VOLT BATTERY OR 9 VOLT DC SUPPLY
COMPONENTS USED
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT
DC Motor
H BRIDGE CIRCUIT
Power Supply Circuit
SOME SNAPSHOTS OF OUR INTERMEDIATE STAGES DURING ITS CONSRTUCTION
SOLDERING OF THE COMPONENTS ON MAIN PCB
METRO BASE

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AT89C51:
The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K
bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device
is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is
compatible with the industry-standard MCS-51 instruction set and pinout. The on-chip
Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional
nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash
on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful microcomputer which provides
a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications.
Pin Configurtion
•
The AT89C51 provides the following standard features: 4K bytes of Flash, 128 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, two 16-bit timer/counters, a five vector two-level interrupt architecture,
a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89C51 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down Mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator disabling all other chip functions until the next hardware reset.
Pin Description
VCC
Supply voltage.
GND
33333Ground.
Port 0
Port 0 is an 8-bit open-drain bi-directional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as highimpedance inputs. Port 0 may also be configured to be the multiplexed loworder
address/data bus during accesses to external program and data memory. In this mode P0 has internal pullups. Port 0 also receives the code bytes during Flash programming,
and outputs the code bytes during program verification. External pullups are required during program verification.
Port 1
Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 1 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 1 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the internal pullups. Port 1 also receives the low-order address bytes during Flash programming and verification.
Port 2
Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 2 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 2 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the internal pullups. Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external program memory and during accesses to external data memory that use 16-bit addresses (MOVX @ DPTR). In this application, it uses strong internal pull-ups when emitting 1s. During accesses to external data memory that use 8-bit addresses (MOVX @ RI), Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 Special Function Register. Port 2 also receives the high-order address bits and some control signals during Flash programming and verification.
Port 3
Port 3 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 3 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 3 pins they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the pullups. Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the AT89C51 as listed below: Port 3 also receives some control signals for Flash programming and verification.
RST
Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device.
ALE/PROG
Address Latch Enable output pulse for latching the low byte of the address during accesses to external memory. This pin is also the program pulse input (PROG) during Flash programming. In normal operation ALE is emitted at a constant rate of 1/6
the oscillator frequency, and may be used for external timing or clocking purposes. Note, however, that one ALE
pulse is skipped during each access to external Data Memory. If desired, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of SFR location 8EH. With the bit set, ALE is active only during a MOVX or MOVC instruction. Otherwise, the pin is weakly pulled high. Setting the ALE-disable bit has noeffect if the microcontroller is in external execution mode.
PSEN
Program Store Enable is the read strobe to external program memory. When the AT89C51 is executing code from external program memory, PSEN is activated twice each machine cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped during each access to external data memory.
EA/VPP
External Access Enable. EA must be strapped to GND in order to enable the device to fetch code from external program memory locations starting at 0000H up to FFFFH. Note, however, that if lock bit 1 is programmed, EA will be internally latched on reset. EA should be strapped to VCC for internal program executions. This pin also receives the 12-volt programming enable voltage (VPP) during Flash programming, for parts that require 12-volt VPP.
XTAL1
Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.
XTAL2
Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.
Oscillator Characters:
XTAL1 and XTAL2 are the input and output, respectively, of an inverting amplifier which can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figure 1. Either a quartz crystal or ceramic resonator may be used. To drive the device from an external clock source, XTAL2 should be left unconnected while XTAL1 is driven as shown in Figure 2. There are no requirements on the duty cycle of the external clock signal, since the input to the internal clocking circuitry is through a divide-by-two flip-flop, but minimum and maximum voltage high and low time specifications must be observed.
Idle Mode
In idle mode, the CPU puts itself to sleep while all the onchip peripherals remain active. The mode is invoked by software. The content of the on-chip RAM and all the special functions registers remain unchanged during this mode. The idle mode can be terminated by any enabledinterrupt or by a hardware reset. It should be noted that when idle is terminated by a hard ware reset, the device normally resumes program execution, from where it left off, up to two machine cycles before the internal reset algorithm takes control. On-chip hardware inhibits access to internal RAM in this event, but access to the port pins is not inhibited. To eliminate the possibility of an unexpected write to a port pin when Idle is terminated by reset, the instruction following the one that invokes Idle should not be one that writes to a port pin or to external
memory.

pls
kindly provided me a mega project for B.Tech. final year[/font][/size] ELECTRONIC & COMMUNICATION.

To get more information about the topic "METRO TRAIN PROTOTYPE " please refer the page link below
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http://studentbank.in/report-metro-rail-prototype

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Is there any paper published regarding the First topic of metro train prototype by Nikhil ??

i am requesting Mr. Nikil to contact aadi6600[at]gmail.com

it is urgent.

To get more information about the topic "METRO TRAIN PROTOTYPE " please refer the page link below
http://studentbank.in/report-metro-train-prototype

http://studentbank.in/report-metro-rail-prototype

http://seminarsprojects.in/attachment.php?aid=5805