18-01-2012, 01:32 PM
Quantum Computing
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Introduction
What is a quantum computer?
A quantum computer is a machine that performs calculations based on the laws of quantum mechanics, which is the behavior of particles at the sub-atomic level.
“I think I can safely say that nobody understands quantum mechanics” - Feynman
1982 - Feynman proposed the idea of creating machines based on the laws of quantum mechanics instead of the laws of classical physics.
Representation of Data - Qubits
A bit of data is represented by a single atom that is in one of two states denoted by |0> and |1>. A single bit of this form is known as a qubit
A physical implementation of a qubit could use the two energy levels of an atom. An excited state representing |1> and a ground state representing |0>.
Relationships among data - Entanglement
Entanglement is the ability of quantum systems to exhibit correlations between states within a superposition.
