Introduction to Computer Integrated Manufacturing

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CIM System discussed:
 Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
 Direct Numerical Control (DNC)
 Computer Process Control
 Computer Integrated Production Management
 Automated Inspection Methods
 Industrial Robots etc.
A CIM System consists of the following basic components:
I. Machine tools and related equipment
II. Material Handling System (MHS)
III. Computer Control System
IV. Human factor/labor
CIMS Benefits:
1. Increased machine utilization
2. Reduced direct and indirect labor
3. Reduce mfg. lead time
4. Lower in process inventory
5. Scheduling flexibility
6. etc.

Four general categories:
1. Traditional stand-alone NC machine tool - is characterized as a limited-storage,
automatic tool changer and is traditionally operated on a one-to-one machine to
operator ratio. In many cased, stand-alone NC machine tools have been grouped
together in a conventional part family manufacturing cell arrangement and
operating on a one-to-one or two-to-one or three-to-one machine to operator ratio.
2. Single NC machine cell or mini-cell - is characterized by an automatic work
changer with permanently assigned work pallets or a conveyor-robot arm system
mounted to the front of the machine, plus the availability of bulk tool storage.
There are many machines with a variety of options, such as automatic probing,
broken tool detection, and high-pressure coolant control. The single NC machine
cell is rapidly gaining in popularity, functionality, and affordability.
3. Integrated multi-machine cell - is made up of a multiplicity of metal-cutting
machine tools, typically all of the same type, which have a queue of parts, either
at the entry of the cell or in front of each machine. Multi-machine cells are either
serviced by a material-handling robot or parts are palletized in a two- or
three-machine, in-line system for progressive movement from one machining
station to another.
FMS - sometimes referred to as a flexible manufacturing cell (FMC), is characterized
by multiple machines, automated random movement of palletize parts to and from
processing stations, and central computer control with sophisticated command-driven
software. The distinguishing characteristics of this cell are the automated flow of raw
material to the cell, complete machining of the part, part washing, drying, and
inspection with the cell, and removal of the finished part.
I. Machine Tools & Related Equipment
 Standard CNC machine tools
 Special purpose machine tools
 Tooling for these machines
 Inspection stations or special inspection probes used with the machine tool
The Selection of Machine Tools
1. Part size
2. Part shape
3. Part variety
4. Product life cycle
5. Definition of function parts
6. Operations other than machining - assembly, inspection etc.