presented by:
Dr. Esam Al_Qaralleh

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[attachment=9723]
Intel 8088 (8086) Microprocessor Structure
What are microprocessor-based systems?
Microprocessor-based systems are electrical systems consisting of microprocessors, memories, I/O units, and other peripherals.
 Microprocessors are the brains of the systems
 Microprocessors access memories and other units through buses
 The operations of microprocessors are controlled by instructions stored in memories
What are microprocessors?
A microprocessor is a processor (or Central Processing Unit, CPU) fabricated on a single integrated circuit.
Evolution of Computers
 First generation (1939-1954) - vacuum tube
 Second generation (1954-1959) – transistor
 Third generation (1959-1971) - IC
 Fourth generation (1971-present) - microprocessor
Other Commercial Microprocessors
 PowerPC (IBM, Motorola)
 Athlon, Dulon, Hammer (AMD)
 Crusoe (Transmeta)
 SPARC, UltraSPARC (Sun Microsystems)
 TI’s TMS DSP chips (Texas Instruments)
 StarCore (Motorola, Agere)
 ARM cores (Advanced RISC Machines)
 MIPS cores (MIPS Technologies)
Applications of Microprocessor-Based Systems
 Computers
 System performance is normally the most important design concern