industrial training report on networking Ssystem administration
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industrial training report on networking Ssystem administration

Abstract:

A system administrator, IT systems administrator, systems administrator, or sysadmin is a person employed to maintain and operate a computer system and/or network. System administrators may be members of an information technology (IT) or Electronics and Communication Engineering department.

Introduction:

The duties of a system administrator are wide-ranging, and vary widely from one organization to another. Sysadmins are usually charged with installing, supporting and maintaining servers or other computer systems, and planning for and responding to service outages and other problems. Other duties may include scripting or light programming, project management for systems-related projects, supervising or training computer operators, and being the consultant for computer problems beyond the knowledge of technical support staff. To perform his or her job well, a system administrator must demonstrate a blend of technical skills and responsibility.

A system administrator's responsibilities might include:
Analyzing system logs and identifying potential issues with computer systems.
Introducing and integrating new technologies into existing data center environments.
Performing routine audits of systems and software.
Performing backups.
Applying operating system updates, patches, and configuration changes.
Installing and configuring new hardware and software.
Adding, removing, or updating user account information, resetting access and permissions, etc.
Answering technical queries and dealing with often frustrated users.
Responsibility for security.
Responsibility for documenting the configuration of the system.
Troubleshooting any reported problems.
System performance tuning.
Ensuring that the network infrastructure is up and running.
In larger organizations, some tasks listed above may be divided among different system administrators or members of different organizational groups. For example, a dedicated individual(s) may apply all system upgrades, a Quality Assurance (QA) team may perform testing and validation, and one or more technical writers may be responsible for all technical documentation written for a company.
In smaller organizations, the system administrator can also perform any number of duties elsewhere associated with other fields:
Technical support
Database administrator (DBA)
Network administrator/analyst/specialist
Application analyst
Security administrator
Programmer
System administrators, in larger organizations, tend not to be system architects, system engineers, or system designers. However, like many roles in this field, demarcations between system administration and other technical roles often are not well defined in smaller organizations. Even in larger organizations, senior system administrators often have skills in these other areas as a result of their working experience.
In smaller organizations, IT/computing specialties are less often discerned in detail, and the term system administrator is used in a rather generic way — they are the people who know how the computer systems work and can respond when something fails.

Prospects:

Many organizations staff other jobs related to system administration. In a larger company, these may all be separate positions within a computer support or Information Services (IS) department. In a smaller group they may be shared by a few sysadmins, or even a single person. There are various roles for a person having knowledge of Linux based systems and networks, like:
A database administrator (DBA) maintains a database system, and is responsible for the integrity of the data and the efficiency and performance of the system.
A network administrator maintains network infrastructure such as switches and routers, and diagnoses problems with these or with the behavior of network-attached computers.
A security administrator is a specialist in computer and network security, including the administration of security devices such as firewalls, as well as consulting on general security measures.
A web administrator maintains web server services (such as Apache or IIS) that allow for internal or external access to web sites. Tasks include managing multiple sites, administering security, and configuring necessary components and software. Responsibilities may also include software change management.
Technical support staff respond to individual users' difficulties with computer systems, provide instructions and sometimes training, and diagnose and solve common problems.
A computer operator performs routine maintenance and upkeep, such as changing backup tapes or replacing failed drives in a RAID. Such tasks usually require physical presence in the room with the computer; and while less skilled than sysadmin tasks require a similar level of trust, since the operator has access to possibly sensitive data.
A postmaster is the administrator of a mail server.
In some organizations, a person may begin as a member of technical support staff or a computer operator, then gain experience on the job to be promoted to a sysadmin position.

Training Objective:

This course is designed to ensure that students of Engineering College with academic capabilities will have the skill set needed to deal with the challenges involved in real-world Linux System Administration to meet the needs of industries both today and in the future.
The course considers System Administration, Maintenance, Upreadation etc. which can help to ensure that Linux based networked systems and databases are reliable.
The course is taught mainly using the LInux based network of computers.

Pre-requisites:

A prior knowledge of a basic Linux commands, general understanding about operating system concepts is assumed.

Agenda:
The Duration of training would be 20 weeks.
There would be 80 Classroom Sessions of 2 hours each.
There would be 80 Lab of 6 hours each.
There would be more then 1 Project Implemented using the concepts observed and Technologies learned.
After the Training is over You should be able to:
do User administration (setup and maintaining account)
Maintain systems
Verify that peripherals are working properly
Quickly arrange repair for hardware in occasion of hardware failure
Monitor system performance
Create file systems, take backup and restore
Install software and do software management
Create a backup and recover policy
Monitor Linux network communication
Configure remote login services
Update system as soon as new version of OS and application software comes out
Implement the policies for the use of the computer system and network
Setup security policies for users.
Have a strong grasp of computer security (e.g. firewalls and intrusion detection systems).
Understand Process Management and Memory Management
Implement FTP Server, TFTP Server, CVS Server, DNS Server, DHCP Server, NFS Server, Apache Web Server, Configuring Proxy Server, A Database Server, SVN Server.
Understand and write efficient Shell Scripts for System/Network Administration
Create your own embedded web server and download manager
Create an Embedded network security device
Automate backup server
Create a Standalone Media Server
Training Topics in Brief:
Introduction to Linux
Getting comfortable with basic linux commands and utilities
Text editings and shell scripting
Overview of Installation and configuration
Installation using media
Installation using USB
Installation using network & Servers
Configure and Implement The following Servers:
telnet, ssh, TFTP, FTP, DNS, DHCP, NFS, Apache, Proxy and Database Server, CVS, SVN Servers.
Create your own embedded web server Apache and download manager
Create an Embedded network security device
Automated backup server
Create a Standalone Media Server
There would be Project/s implemented and completed as part of this training.

Network Administration Training
Network management and administration refers to all of the activities associated with designing, building, monitoring, and maintaining computer and telecommunication networks. In a small office, one person may be responsible for performing all of these activities as an IT Specialist. However, most organizations split network management duties across a series of more specialized job roles.

There are a number of questions that arise when dealing with computer networking issues:

What network configuration is the best fit for an organization?
How is the current network performing?
How will new offices be integrated into the existing network?
Does the network have the necessary fault tolerance and fail-over systems in place?
These and many more questions are dealt with by IT specialists who support private and public sector computer networks ranging from dozens to thousands of machines and users.

What Does an IT Manager Do?
What does an information technology manager do?
An information technology manager reigns supreme over an organization's IT realm. These leaders may manage all of the technology decisions for smaller businesses, or, in larger organizations, they may head a team of IT professionals such as enterprise, server, database, and enterprise messaging administrators and technicians.

The position requires more than technological expertise -- IT managers need to understand their organization's business and be able to clearly communicate technical information to non-technical divisions or customers. The role also calls for knowledge of strategic planning, resource allocation, and human resources policies, as they may be involved in hiring and performance reviews.

Here are some of the wide-ranging management responsibilities possible in this position:

Analysis of technology requirements to meet organizational goals
Acquisition, installation and maintenance of technology hardware and software
Budgeting for IT expenditures
Evaluation of and recommendations for new technologies
Providing training programs and maintaining documentation

IT managers may also oversee other areas such as:

Database implementation, administration and maintenance
Design, development and maintenance of IT applications
Network operations oversight
Information technology managers are expected to be aware of, mitigate and document IT security risks as well as formulate disaster recovery and business continuity plans.

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What does an information systems manager do?
In addition to leading and directing the work of other professionals in the field, information systems (IS) managers solve strategic business problems by employing information systems and technology solutions. The responsibilities of these IT pros may include managing software development projects, overseeing system implementations, leading website design efforts, and even designing network security systems.

An Information technology manager's team likely includes software engineers, system architects, database administrators, network security administrators, business analysts, and project managers. Information technology managers also consult with business users, vendors, executive management and technical analysts to evaluate business needs within an organization and determine what IT projects may be necessary to fulfill those requirements.

This type of manager may also be called an information systems director, data processing manager, or MIS director (Management Information Systems), according to O*NET OnLine. Day-to-day tasks of Information technology managers include:

Create and manage project plans for information systems and technology projects
Develop roadmaps for the organization's information systems and technology objectives
Meet with vendors to evaluate what information systems and technology tools and products should be used in the organization
Keep executive leadership informed on status of IS projects and deliverables
Stay current with advances in information systems and technology
An Information technology manager's job can be extremely high pressure, especially when projects have high visibility for executive level stakeholders.

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What does a network system administrator do?
The network administrator is the day-to-day manager of a given network. They are responsible for monitoring the network's performance, adding and replacing new equipment or software as needed. network administrators (and the technicians that work under them) manage user accounts, user groups, and machine accounts. They manage the deployment of new software applications to network clients. network administrators ensure that the network is secured against outside threats, and that client workstations have anti-virus and malware protection installed. They troubleshoot network issues that come up, and make the necessary fixes as required. network administrators maintain email systems and Internet content filters for users.

In short, network administrators are the bench managers the networking team. They often manage large teams of network support technicians, requiring them to have people skills as well as technical skills.

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What does a wireless network administrator do?
A wireless network administrator is a specialized type of network admin who has the same responsibilities as a regular net admin, but they focus on wireless networking technology and its associated issues. They are responsible for monitoring and maintaining wireless networks in a wide variety of environments, anywhere from corporate offices to outdoor municipal Wi-Fi hotspots. Wi-Fi network administrators are experts in current wireless networking standards, and stay on top of developing Wi-Fi technology in order to provide the best solutions possible.

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What does a computer systems administrator do?
Computer systems administrators organize, install and support a company's computer systems, including local and wide area networks, intranets and other data systems. Duties tend to vary, but, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), often include the following tasks:

Determining a company's networking and computer system needs
Installing network hardware and software, upgrading whenever necessary
Maintaining networks to ensure they are secure and operating properly
Analyzing network and computer system data to track performance and find ways to boost speed and efficiency
Adding users to networks and teaching them how to correctly use all hardware and software
Computer systems administrator architects, or network engineers, are closely related to computer systems administrators, but tend to design networks on a higher level to help organizations reach long-term goals. The BLS states that these professionals often see to the following duties:

Creating a plan or layout for data communication networks
Sharing these plans with management and explaining how implementing them will serve their organizations' best interests
Factoring information security into network design
Choosing all hardware necessary to create and support networks
Researching new network technologies
According to the BLS, computer systems administrators and architects can work with both desktop and mobile devices, so it can be advantageous to be trained to work with both.

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IT Management Degrees and Education
IT degree levels and formats

IT Manager Degrees
Information Systems Manager Degrees
The road to becoming an IT manager begins with a college or university bachelor's degree (usually a Bachelor's of Science degree) in Information Technology Management. Alternatively, a bachelor's degree in business administration with a strong focus on IT may also serve the purpose. Many large organizations recruit and hire their junior managers directly from colleges and universities that offer these degree programs.

The IT management degree program continues up to the Master's level, and even goes on to a Ph.D, a strenuous climb that future CTOs may want to consider.

There is also the venerable Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree, although this program should be tweaked to include a significant focus on information technology management.

Another education option is the Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT or B.Sc IT) degree. With this degree, the challenge is to add a business administration component in order to better match the IT manager profile that businesses and public sector branches are looking for.

As with other industry management positions, IT manager candidates are commonly judged on the basis of both education and experience. The more senior the management position, the greater role that experience plays in the hiring process. Companies want managers who have significant real-world experience, which gives them a tendency to favor candidates who have greater experience over candidates with higher education credentials.

At the top of the scale, CTOs commonly have at least fifteen years or more of IT management experience, and have an appropriate master's degree, or even a Ph.D.

What training is needed for IT managers?
The Department of Labor reports that nearly half of IT managers have bachelor's degrees such as business management or bachelor's degrees with information technology specializations. IT manager training can also include undergraduate and postgraduate information technology management certificates and project management training.

Many businesses are beginning to require specialized graduate degrees such as the Master of Science in IT management, says the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Some employers prefer tech-focused Master of Business Administration degrees, such as an MBA program with a concentration in technology, technology management, high tech or IT management.

As for specialized technical knowledge, certain fields are considered hotter than others. ComputerWorld's Forecast 2014, published in the fall of 2013, identified top IT skills that businesses look for: programming/application development, help desk/technical support, networking, mobile applications and device management, project management, database administration, security compliance/governance, and business intelligence/analytics.

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What training is needed for information systems managers?
IS is an academic discipline bridging the business world with computer science. There are a seemingly endless number of applications for information science in the business world, from information management to payroll activities. Management information science training prepares future information science pros to manage all aspects of these systems, including databases, networks and security. They will typically learn how to manage projects, how to develop and debug systems and even master the ethical or social implications of these technologies.

According to The College Board, management information systems degrees typically require the following types of courses:

Database design
Emerging technologies
Managing information systems
E-commerce
Project management
Networks and communications
Systems analysis and design
Information technology managers typically come from a technical background in a computer-related career but have gained a leadership position by demonstrating strong business and managerial acumen. Information technology managers often start with at least a bachelor's in computer science, and many management positions require a graduate degree, such as an MBA with a technology concentration or a master of science in information systems. Here are some examples of advanced coursework in an MBA Information Systems program:

Database management systems
Information systems strategy
Information technology project management
Management of information systems
Systems integration
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What training is needed to become a network system administrator?
Most network system administrator positions require at least a bachelor's degree. Since many network system administrators begin their careers in other IT positions, the occasional candidate with only an associate degree or certain professional certificates may be able to combine sufficient skill and industry experience to bypass stated education requirements.

Most successful network system administrators earn four-year degrees in computer-related fields such as information science, computer science or management information systems. On their way to a career in system administration, students customarily take courses in computer programming, computer engineering, statistics and mathematics. Aspiring network system administrators can also learn necessary skills on the job, when working in computer support specialist or network support technician positions.

An IT professional seeking to become a network system administrator may choose from a long list of certification programs that can to help fill out their skill set and demonstrate expertise to potential employers. These credentials are offered by hardware and software vendors like Cisco and Microsoft, as well as through third-party organizations like the International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium, known in shorthand as (ISC)².

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What training is needed to become a wireless network manager?
Recommended courses of study include four-year or graduate degrees in computer science or information systems, with coursework in network design and engineering. Leadership, management and business administration courses can be helpful as well in today's competitive job market.

Here are some of the important skills and abilities needed for this job:

Adaptability to rapidly changing technology and business environments
Basic programming and script writing
Familiarity with network utilities and configuration
Problem solving
Technical writing for reports
Verbal communication
Some training programs offer network and communications management degrees that cover key topics like wireless networking protocols. Graduate or certificate programs may specifically focus on wireless communications, including security issues.

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What training is needed to become a computer systems administrator?
While some computer systems administrators can get by with a post-secondary certificate, the BLS reports that most computer systems administrators and architects need a bachelor's degree to enter the field. The College Board reports that computer systems administrator training programs teach students how to manage computer operations for specific types of organizations and locations.

Programs vary, but may include the following types of courses in addition to more standard general education requirements, like mathematics and English:

Core hardware technologies
Database management
Desktop support
Network security
Information systems management
Web languages
The BLS reports that many employers increasingly prefer to hire computer network architects with a Master's of Business Administration in a specialty like information systems. These programs typically require an additional two years of graduate-level computer systems administrator education, and include a combination of business and technical courses.

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Network System Administrator Salary and Job Outlook
What is the job outlook for network administrators?
The BLS tracks data for the job category "Network and Computer Systems Administrators," including many details around the job outlook for these professionals.

*This data is sourced from the 2013 BLS employment report (BLS.gov)

What is the job salary for network administrators?
The BLS job category "Network and Computer Systems Administrators" has been well monitored over recent years, and has an excellent breakdown of salary statistics for network administrators.

*This data is sourced from the 2013 BLS employment report (BLS.gov)

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Wireless Network Manager Salary and Job Outlook
What is the job outlook for wireless network managers?
The BLS projects the employment for network and computer systems administrators to rise much faster than average during the 2012-22 period, while jobs for computer and information systems managers should grow faster than the average for U.S. industries. The BLS describes Information technology managers as planning and coordinating the implementation of networks, but no data is broken out specifically for wireless network managers.

What is the job salary for wireless network managers?
A wireless network manager's compensation may be similar to that of a high-level network admin or a general IT manager. The BLS reports these median annual wages for related positions:

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Network Administrator Certifications
Network administrators can enhance their education and job experience credentials by earning a related network management industry certification. These certifications are offered by several network equipment and software vendors, as well as vendor-neutral industry associations located in the US and around the world. Network management certifications are an excellent way for current or potential networking pros to distinguish themselves from their counterparts, and potentially earn greater opportunities and rewards during their careers.

Some of the most popular and industry-recognized network management certifications are offered by the following organizations:

Cisco
Microsoft
Oracle
IBM
Red Hat Linux
Certified Wireless Networking Professional

Network Systems Administration
Network Systems Administration
Mission:
It is the mission of this program is to prepare students for entry-level employment and/or additional training in the computer/network support field.

Description:
The Network Systems Administration (NSA) program is a challenging entry level program designed to start the student in the information technology (IT) industry as a networking assistant or network support technician. Additional post-secondary education or training will be needed to attain higher level positions. While intended to prepare the student for entry level positions, the NSA course is an advanced course in the IT field. It is helpful to have a solid background knowledge of computer systems, operating systems, configuring systems, troubleshooting techniques, and the principles of security and minor networking capabilities. If the student has little or no experience with computers, it is possible to fast track the CompTIA A+ basic curriculum which will provide the student with basic computer knowledge. However, this approach will require the student to be extremely productive at all times in order to complete the networking course.

The classroom and lab instruction addresses configuring, maintaining, and troubleshooting network systems. This program provides the student the opportunity to gain the knowledge and skills needed to enter this career field. Additional topics covered include identifying user needs, installing network hardware and software, problem solving skills, communication skills and customer service. Preparation for industry recognized certifications are part of the program.

Unique Requirements:
The State of Florida requires students to meet a basic skills requirement prior to program completion. The basic skills grade levels for this program are:
Mathematics 9.0, Language 9.0 and Reading 9.0.

Completion time depends on the progress of the individual. The typical length of this program for the average achieving student is 1050 hours.
Completion Levels:

Information Technology Assistant
Computer Support Assistant
Network Support Technician
Systems Administrator
Systems Engineer
Wireless Network Administrator
Data Communications Analyst
Job Wages
Local employers have verified that the range of wages that can be reasonably expected by students who enter this field upon completion of the program are from $31,000 annually to $66,300 annually (Based on year-round, full-time employment)

Completion Requirements:
A student must have passed all required courses in the program, attend at least ninety percent (90%) of the class hours offered and satisfied all financial obligations before he or she is eligible to receive a certificate of completion for the program.

The Computer Information Systems Administration (CISA) program is a full-time program that consists of a common first year and two second year options. The program does not focus on design or engineering; rather the focus is on technical training. Administration training comprises both theory and practical experience where the goal is to have the students develop a skill set to be able to install, maintain, customize, configure, and troubleshoot systems and hardware. To support this training students are exposed to considerable hands-on activities using well equipped labs. Applicants should have a keen interest in computers, exposure to home networking, strong communication and problem solving skills.
The Network Systems Administration (NSA) Option

The CISA program emphasizes a hands-on, technical approach to training, where experience gained in labs and classrooms can be applied directly to business and industry. Successful graduates will be qualified to work in industry as administrators of computer networks and server systems.

The first year consists of training that introduces students to computer hardware, operating systems, and computer networking fundamentals. The program builds upon these fundamentals with a focus on Microsoft Networking, Cisco Networking, additional computer hardware including server systems, and Linux operating systems administration. The training aligns with certain industry certifications but students are not required to write any industry exams. Students completing year-one are encouraged to obtain the Cisco CCNA, Microsoft MCITP, Red Hat RCHA, CompTIA A+, CompTIA Server+, and CompTIA Net+ industry certifications.

The NSA option specializes in deploying and supporting the network infrastructure used in today’s enterprise systems. Students leverage industry leading products from Cisco Systems, Microsoft, Red Hat, SUSE, Oracle, VMWare, and others to create a secure, multiservice business solution. Students work with routing, switching, firewall, server, and client technologies to deploy reliable and redundant campus networks that support remote access and wide area interconnectivity. The NSA option has a focus on security, advanced routing & switching, and network services such as Voice-over-IP, collaboration tools, messaging, and client management. Students learn to leverage virtualization technologies, providing the responsiveness needed to support business applications. Students are encouraged to obtain more advanced industry certifications from Cisco Systems, Microsoft, Red Hat, Oracle, VMWare.

Computer Networking and System Administration Program

Cabrillo College's Computer Networking and System Administration program prepares students to work in the Information Technology (IT) industry in general, and more specifically in computer networking and system administration. Courses include the underlying networking concepts and theory, administering the network infrastructure including the Cisco Systems CCNA/CCNP courses, system and network administration using Unix/Linux and Microsoft operating systems, network security, network management, and emerging technologies. Various certificate and degree options are available, including courses which transfer to four-year universities for those students pursuing a bachelor degree.

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