please provide ppt and report on highway safety

The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is a basic federal aid program aimed at achieving a significant reduction in traffic accidents and serious injuries on all public roads, including roads Non-state and highways on tribal lands. HSIP requires a strategic, data-driven approach to improving road safety on all public roads with a focus on performance. Road traffic accidents are one of the biggest public health and injury prevention problems in the world. The problem is even more acute because victims are overwhelmingly healthy before their shocks. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than one million people die every year on the world's roads. A report published by WHO in 2004 estimated that about 1.2 million people were killed and 50 million injured in road accidents worldwide every year [3] and was the leading cause of death among Children aged 10-19 years. The report also noted that the problem was more serious in developing countries and that simple prevention measures could halve the number of deaths.

The standard measures used to assess road safety interventions are fatalities and deaths or serious injuries (KSI), generally per billion (109) kilometers of passengers. Countries stuck in the old paradigm of road safety, replacing KSI rates with accident rates - for example, accidents per million miles of vehicle.

The speed of the vehicle within human tolerances to avoid serious injury and death is a key objective of modern road design because impact speed affects the severity of injuries to both occupants and pedestrians. For the occupants, Joksch (1993) found that the probability of death of drivers in multiple vehicle accidents increased as the fourth power of impact velocity (often referred to by the mathematical term δv ("Delta V"). Are caused by sudden and severe acceleration (or deceleration) This is difficult to measure However, shock reconstruction techniques can estimate the velocity of the vehicle before an accident, so the speed change is used as a substitute This allowed the Swedish Highway Administration to identify the KSI risk curves using actual shock reconstruction data that led to the human tolerances for serious injury and death mentioned above.

Interventions are generally much easier to identify in the modern paradigm of road safety, which focuses on human tolerance for serious injury and death. For example, elimination of front KSI shocks simply required the installation of an appropriate mid-shock barrier. In addition, roundabouts, often with speed reduction approaches, encounter very few KSI crashes.

The old road safety paradigm of accident risk is a much more complex issue. Factors that contribute to road accidents may be related to the driver (such as driver error, illness or fatigue), vehicle (brake, steering or throttle failure) or the road itself (lack of visual distance, Etc). Interventions may try to reduce or compensate for these factors or reduce the severity of accidents. In the management systems for road safety, a general outline of the areas of intervention can be appreciated.

In addition to management systems, which are predominantly applied to networks in urban areas, other interventions are related to the design of road networks for new districts. Such interventions explore the configurations of a network that will inherently reduce the likelihood of collisions.