Free and Open source software

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Abstract:

· Free and open source software (F/OSS, FOSS) is software that is liberally licensed to
grant the right of users to use, study, change, redistribute, and improve its design through
the availability of its source code.

· Free and open-source software is inclusive terms which covers both free software and
open source software both have different cultures and philosophies. Free software focuses
on the philosophical freedom for users while open source focuses on the perceived


Introduction:
Free and open source software (F/OSS, FOSS) is software that is liberally licensed to
grant the right of users to use, study, change, and improve its design through the availability
of its source code. This approach has gained both momentum and acceptance as the potential
benefits have been increasingly recognized by both individuals and corporations.


1. Free Redistribution
The license shall not restrict any party from selling or giving away the software as a
component of an aggregate software distribution containing programs from several different
sources. The license shall not require a royalty or other fee for such sale.

2. Source Code
The program must include source code, and must allow distribution in source code as well
as compiled form. Where some form of a product is not distributed with source code, there
must be a well-publicized means of obtaining the source code for no more than a reasonable
reproduction cost preferably, downloading via the Internet without charge. The source code
must be the preferred form in which a programmer would modify the program. Deliberately
obfuscated source code is not allowed. Intermediate forms such as the output of a
preprocessor or translator are not allowed.
strengths of its peer-to-peer development model.



3. Derived Works
The license must allow modifications and derived works, and must allow them to be
distributed under the same terms as the license of the original software.


4. Integrity of the Author's Source Code
The license may restrict source code from being distributed in modified form only if the
license allows the distribution of "patch files" with the source code for the purpose of
modifying the program at build time. The license must explicitly permit distribution of
software built from modified source code. The license may require derived works to carry a
different name or version number from the original software.


Summary:
OSS/FS has significant market share in many markets, is often the most reliable software, and in
many cases has the best performance. OSS/FS scales, both in problem size and project size.
OSS/FS software often has far better security, perhaps due to the possibility of worldwide
review. Total cost of ownership for OSS/FS is often far less than proprietary software, especially
as the number of platforms increases. These statements are not merely opinions; these effects can
be shown quantitatively, using a wide variety of measures. This doesn’t even consider other
issues that are hard to measure, such as freedom from control by a single source, freedom from
licensing management (with its accompanying risk of audit and litigation), Organizations can
transition to OSS/FS in part or in stages, which for many is a far more practical transition
approach.