Electronic Candles
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Electronic Candles
Here is a simple circuit thatcan produce the effect ofcandle light in a normalelectric bulb. A candle light, as weall know, resembles a randomlyflickering light. So, the objective ofthis project activity is to produce arandomly flickering light effect in anelectric bulb.To achieve this, the entire circuitcan be divided into three parts. The firstpart comprises IC1 (555), IC2 (74LS164),IC3 (74LS86), IC4 (74LS00) and the associatedcomponents. These generate arandomly changing train of pulses.The secondpart of the circuitconsists of SCR1(C106), an electricbulb connectedbetween anode ofSCR1 and mainslive wire, ands.c. dwivedi gate trigger circuit components. It isbasically half-wave AC power beingsupplied to the electric bulb.The third part is the power supplycircuit to generate regulated 5VDC from 230V AC for random signalgenerator. It comprises a stepdowntransformer (X1), full-wave rectifier(diodes D3 and D4), filter capacitor(C9), followed by a regulator (IC5).The random signal generator ofthe circuit is built around an 8-bitserial in/parallel out shift register(IC2). Different outputs of the shiftregister IC pass through a set of logicgates (N1 through N5) and final outputappearing at pin 6 of gate N5 isfed back to the inputs of pins 1 and2 of IC2. The clock signal appearsat pin 8 of IC2, which is clocked byan astable multivibrator configuredaround timer (IC1). The clock frequencycan be set using preset VR1and VR2. It can be set around 100 Hzto provide better flickering effect inthe bulb.The random signal triggers thegate of SCR1. The electric bulb getsAC power only for the period forwhich SCR1 is fired. SCR1 is firedonly during the positive half cycles.Conduction of SCR1 depends uponthe gate triggering pin 3 of IC2, whichis random. Thus, we see a flickeringeffect in the light output.Assemble the circuit on a generalpurposePCB and enclose it in a suitablecase. Fix bulb and neon bulb on thefront side of the cabinet. Also, connecta power cable for giving AC mainssupply to the circuit for operation. Thecircuit is ready to use.
Warning. Since the circuit uses230V AC, care must be taken to avoidelectric shock.
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