PRESENTED BY
K.MOUNIKA REDDY
A.KAMALA SAHITHI

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ABSTRACT:
India is in dire need of power (electricity). The cheap and dirty “solution” is to have coal fired Ultra Mega Power Plants (UMPP), which are being sanctioned and are being built. These UMPPs will emit humongous amount of greenhouse gases (GHG) aiding pollution and global warming. Also, economical coal supplies will not last long. Hence, it is mandatory for us to brace for sustainable energy solutions. Amongst various sustainable energy sources solar energy is basic, unlimited, freely available and guaranteed (available throughout the year in certain parts of our country).
DESERTEC means "Desert and Technology". The DESERTEC Concept describes the perspective of a sustainable supply of electricity. The DESERTEC Concept by far the largest, technically accessible source of energy on the planet is to be found in the deserts around the equatorial regions of the earth. The DESERTEC Concept is designed to bring deserts and existing technology into service to improve global security of energy, water
and the climate. Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSP) plants are ideal for providing secure solar power. This would allow a 70 per cent reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from electricity production over the period. Two German scientists, Dr Gerhard Knies and Dr Franz Trieb, calculated that covering just 0.5 per cent of the world's hot deserts with a technology called concentrated solar power (CSP) would provide the world's entire electricity needs.
INTRODUCTION:
The green energy also called the regeneration energy, has gained much attention nowadays. The green energy can be recycled, such as solar energy, water power, wind power, biomass energy etc. among them, solar energy is the most powerful resource that can be used to generate power. So far the efficiency of generating power of solar energy is relatively low. Thus, how to increase the efficiency of generating power of solar energy is very important, especially for a country like India, the largest democracy with an estimated population of about 1.04 billion, is on a road to rapid growth in economy.
There are two solar technologies to produce electricity – Photovoltaic (PV) and Thermal. Currently, the PV technology that produces electricity directly from incident solar rays using special grade silicon is quite costly. The solar thermal technology, on the other hand, is a multipurpose technology. Apart from producing electricity, the same plant can be used for desalination of water. This technology uses the heat component of the solar radiation. It is not very costly. Hence considering the second principle, the DESERTEC concept is developed.
DESCRIPTION:
DESERTEC means "Desert and Technology". This concept is developed by DESERTEC Foundation. DESERTEC envisages using deserts to erect Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants to generate utility-scale power. Scientists say the global energy crisis can be solved by using desert sun. This would allow a 70 per cent reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from electricity production over the period.
In the desert of North Africa is a vast source of energy that holds the promise of a carbon-free, nuclear-free electrical future for the whole of Europe, if not the world. Its not the vast oil and gas deposits underneath Algeria and Libya, or uranium for nuclear plants, but something far simpler — the sun. And in vast quantities: every year it pours down the equivalent of 1.5 million barrels of oil of energy for every square kilometer.
Many people think of solar power as a few panels on the roof of a house producing hot water or a bit of electricity. But according to two reports prepared for the German government, Europe, the Middle East and North Africa should be building vast solar farms in North Africa's deserts using a simple technology that more resembles using a magnifying glass to burn a hole in a piece of paper than any space age technology. Two German scientists, Dr Gerhard Knies and Dr Franz Trieb, calculate that covering just 0.5 per cent of the world's hot deserts with a technology called concentrated solar power (CSP) would provide the world's entire electricity needs.
CONSTRUCTION:
The principle behind CSP is very basic and should be familiar to anyone who had once used a lens or a mirror to focus sunlight to lit bonfire at campground in the wood or at festival ground, or to burn a hole onto a sheet of paper. Similarly, mirrors or reflectors of various shapes are used in CSP systems to focus sunlight to a surface to generate heat. The heat is then used to boil water to generate steam which then drives turbines to generate electricity: - this is basically how a solar thermal power plant works.