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17-07-2010, 05:10 PM
am studying computer engineering and am in my final year my graduation project is about automatic car parking not parallel but " ring ".. circular
i have to use three motor the first is for vertical movement for the chosen floor then the second motor ( stepper motor ) for the empty park in the same floor the third motor to move the car from the elevator to the park
am going to use micro-controller 8051 and micro basic language i need help in this project and any help about the sensor or about the needed component of this project and in the software of this project please any information it can help me
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Hi,
visit this thread for automatic car parking system report:
http://studentbank.in/report-automatic-c...tem--19626
sorry, the last page link links to itself
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Presented by:
ANKIT ARORA
AKANKSHA
EKTA AGGRAWAL
MONIKA BHARATI
ANJU GAUTAM
[attachment=13157]
INTRODUCTION
The project is regarding the “infra red detection based car parking system” & is very useful technology in automation of such systems in Malls/Buildings.
In this type of system, as the vehicle reaches the entry of the parking lot, the sensors on the door detect the arrival of the vehicle & will show the nearest vacant parking slot available on the LCD at the door. Similarly there will be IR sensors on the parking lot, which will which will detect the arrival & departure of the vehicle in the lot.
As the vehicle arrives in the lot the sensors will detect the heat & will mark the empty lot as filled in the data base & vice versa.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Hardware description
Major circuit components consist of:
1. Micro controller
2. LCD
3. HT12D-12E
4. RF Transmitter-Receive module
1. Micro controller
The PIC16F887 is a well known product by Microchip. It features all the components which modern microcontrollers normally have. For its low price, wide range of application, high quality and easy availability, it is an ideal solution in applications such as the control of different processes in industry, machine control devices, measurement of different values etc. Some of its main features are listed below.
THE PIC16F887 BASIC FEATURES
• RISC architecture
o Only 35 instructions to learn
o All single-cycle instructions except branches
• Operating frequency 0-20 MHz
• Precision internal oscillator
o Factory calibrated
o Software selectable frequency range of 8MHz to 31KHz
• Power supply voltage 2.0-5.5V
o Consumption: 220uA (2.0V, 4MHz), 11uA (2.0 V, 32 KHz) 50nA (stand-by mode)
• Power-Saving Sleep Mode
• Brown-out Reset (BOR) with software control option
• 35 input/output pins
o High current source/sink for direct LED drive
o software and individually programmable pull-up resistor
o Interrupt-on-Change pin
• 8K ROM memory in FLASH technology
o Chip can be reprogrammed up to 100.000 times
• In-Circuit Serial Programming Option
o Chip can be programmed even embedded in the target device
• 256 bytes EEPROM memory
o Data can be written more than 1.000.000 times
• 368 bytes RAM memory
• A/D converter:
o 14-channels
o 10-bit resolution
• 3 independent timers/counters
• Watch-dog timer
• Analogue comparator module with
o Two analogue comparators
o Fixed voltage reference (0.6V)
o Programmable on-chip voltage reference
• PWM output steering control
• Enhanced USART module
o Supports RS-485, RS-232 and LIN2.0
o Auto-Baud Detect
• Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP)
o supports SPI and I2C mode
PIN OUT DESCRIPTION
Most pins of the PIC16F887 microcontroller are multi-functional as seen in figure above. For example, designator RA3/AN3/Vref+/C1IN+ for the fifth pin of the microcontroller indicates that it has the following functions:
• RA3 Port A third digital input/output
• AN3 Third analog input
• Vref+ Positive voltage reference
• C1IN+ Comparator C1 positive input
Such pin functionality is very useful as it makes the microcontroller package more compact without affecting its operation.
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[attachment=14769]
1. INTRODUCTION
Taking into account that our world is getting automated, in the present scenario machines and new technologies are taking the place of human beings. Take the case of car parking system in a shopping mall or a stadium. It is difficult for a human to constantly examine the perpetual flow of vehicles to the parking space.
The automated car parking system provides an easier and more simplified ways to manage the above situation and to avoid any dilemma occurring in a parking space. By using the system we can always get the number of vehicles present in a parking lot. The parking size is predetermined so its always easy t manage the parking area.
CHAPTER 2
BLOCK DIAGRAM
2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION
2.1.1 IR TRANSMITTER RECEIVER PAIR
There are two IR transmitter and receiver pair, one pair is kept at the entry point of the parking area, the second pair is kept at the exit point. Thus we can get can get a proper detection of those who are entering and leaving the parking lot.
2.1.2 LOGIC CONTROL CIRCUIT
This part of the system is used to generate the interrupt pulse for the microcontroller. Logic control circuit consists of a LM 324 comparator and a 74LS76 JK flip flop.
2.1.3 MICROCONTROLLER
This is the heart of the system which gives the proper count of the vehicles entering and leaving. A T 89C52 microcontroller is used here. Port 0, Port 1, Port 2 pins of microcontroller are used for display. The interrupt from the Logic circuits is given to the INT0 & INT1 of microcontroller.
2.1.4 DISPLAY
The display unit can show from 0 to 999. Their re three 7-segment displays used here
CHAPTER 3
HARDWARE ANALYSIS
3.2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.2.1 POWER SUPPLY
The circuit is powered by regulated 5vV. The AC mains is stepped down by transformer to deliver secondary output of 7.5V, 250m, which is rectified by bridge rectifier BR1, filtered by capacitor C6 and regulated by IC 7805. Capacitor C7 bypasses any in the regulated output.
3.2.2 PHOTO TRANSISTOR RECEIVER PAIR
The phototransistor receiver pair is kept at the entry and exit points, L1 4F1 phototransistor is used. Its used to detect passing of vehicles. When no vehicle is passing the IR beam continuously falls on the phototransistor T1,it conducts and the high voltage drives the emitter of the transistor T3. that is 2N 3904, so its in saturation.
3.2.3 COMPARATOR SECTION
Comparator is used in circuit so as to make signal when vehicle enters or exits. It consists of a LM 324 op-amp. When no vehicle is passing the T3 is in saturation and so pin 3 of comparator is low, so the output at pin 1 is high. When a vehicle passes T3 is in cut-off so pin 3 goes high. So pin 1 move to low state and gives negative trigger to the pin 3 of IC74LS76.
3.2.4 J-K FLIP-FLOP SECTION
The J-K flip flop 74LS76 is used here. The set pulse for J-K flip flop is given from the Port pins 3.0 & 3.1 of AT 89C52. The out pin 1 of comparator provides the negative trigger pulse to pin 1 of J-K flip flop. At this moment, the high input at ‘J’ and ‘K’ pins of flip flop IC 2(A) toggles its output to low.
On the other hand, low input at ‘J’ and ‘K’ pins of IC 2(B) due to clock pin 1 of IC 2(A) and ‘J’ and ‘K’ inputs of IC 2(B) are connected to pin 1 of comparator
N1. The clock pin 6 of IC 2(B) when the car interrupts the IR beam from IR TX2. There is no change in the output of IC 2(B) flip-flop. This trigger external interrupt INT0 of microcontroller AT 89C52.
3.2.5 MICROCONTROLLER
The AT 89C52 is an 8 bit microcontroller with 8 kB of flash based program memory, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 input/output lines, three 16 bit timers/counters, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry. A 12MHz crystal is used for providing clock.
Port 0,1 and 2 are configured for 7-segment displays. Port-0 pin is externally pulled up with 10-kiilo-ohm resistor network RNW1 because Port-0 is an 8-bit, open-drain, bidirectional I/O port. Port-1 and port-2 are 8-bit bidirectional I/O ports with internal pull-ups. External interrupts INT0 and INT1 receive the interrupt pulse when the person interrupts the IR beam. Resistor R9 and capacitor C5 provide power-on-reset pulse to the microcontroller. Switch S1 is used for manual reset.
When microcontroller is reset, the flip-flops are brought in ‘set‘state through the microcontroller at software run time by making their ‘set’ pin high for a moment. The value of the counter increments by ‘1’ when the interrupts service routine for INT0 is executed. The output of the corresponding J-K flip-flop is set to ‘high’ again by making its ‘set’ input pin low through the microcontroller. The microcontroller is configured as a negative edge triggered interrupt sensor.
3.2.6 DISPLAY UNIT
There are three LTS 543 7-segment displays. They can show from 0 to 999. Port 0,1 and 2 are used to connect the display.
