different antennas have been developed and investigated for RKE (Remote Keyless Entry) and related automotive applications. These antennas include small printed-on-dielectric passive and active, printed-on glass, and whip-splitter types. Key antenna parameters-including size, performance, antenna shape-are proposed, investigated,The characteristics of small antennas taking into account the often significant effect of the cable length and direction position have also been investigated and are presented; solutions are also presented that eliminat ....etc

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This circuit shows an active antenna that can be used for AM, FM, and shortwave (SW).
On the shortwave band this active antenna is comparable to a 20 to 30 foot wire antenna. http://hard-core-dxnordicdx/antenna/hidden/active2.gif
This circuit is designed to be used on receivers that use untuned wire antennas, such as inexpensive units and car radios.
L1 can be selected for the application. A 470uH coil works on lower frequencies ( AM ). For shortwave, try a 20uH coil.

The unit can be powered by a 9 volt battery. If a power sup ....etc

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The Carpet Loop II is an ideal step upward for the listener who wants something better than a random wire but doesn't want the expensive dice roll of an active antenna.

The Carpet Loop is made up of two components: A tuner, and the antenna cable itself; the cable can be either 5-conductor rotator cable or 4-conductor flat phone cable, both readily available from Radio Shack and elsewhere. The tuner couples the antenna to the radio, forming a (giant!) L-network. To tune the antenna, you turn a switch for best reception.

While NO antenna c ....etc

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Abstract
A new printed antenna system mounted in an aperture in the roof of a car is evaluated for broadcast signal reception from 88-108 MHz. Results from simulations on the vehicle are compared with measurements. The overall performance of the antenna is also compared to common types of vehicle antennas, the roof monopole and a glass based antenna. Overall the average gain of the antennas was better than -3 dBi for vertical polarization and -10 dBi for horizontal while the input return loss was generally better than -2 dB before matching sec ....etc

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Abstract
This seminar describes three different antenna systems for mobile vehicle applications. The antennas are either patches or derivatives in all cases. The first is a dual-band telephone antenna with a low profile and wide bandwidth. Operating at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz, with a VSWR of better than 1.7, it is a hybrid construction combining a monopole with a top-loading patch shorted to the ground-plane. Extra-shorted pins provide the upper frequency band coverage. It provides monopole radiation characteristics and can be hidden under a plas ....etc

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An automotive AM/FM hidden antenna using the slot between the body of the automobile and a metal solar heat-reduction film in the front windshield is described. Such solar heat-reduction metal films are becoming common and thus represent an opportunity to incorporate an antenna at only marginal cost. The radio frequency (RF) input impedance and gain patterns are described, and techniques for impedance matching are shown. ,Theoretical and experimental antenna patterns are compared in this seminars,The application of this mobile system to the me ....etc

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plinth mounted substation diagram with parts ....etc

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from :-
nagendra r
7 th ctm
sjce
mysore


pls send the ppt for the ppt presentation my emai id [email protected]
thanking you


yours faithfully
nagendra r


....etc

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CREDIT CARD FRAUD DETECTION USING HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS
Abstract: Now a day the usage of credit cards has dramatically increased. As credit card becomes the most popular mode of payment for both online as well as regular purchase, cases of fraud associated with it are also rising. In this paper, we model the sequence of operations in credit card transaction processing using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and show how it can be used for the detection of frauds. An HMM is initially trained with the normal behavior of a cardholder. If an incoming cre ....etc

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Detection of corrosion damage in aircraft wing skin structures is an ongoing NDT challenge. Ultrasonic methods are known and well-accepted techniques, which are relatively simple to carry out in terms of setup, probes and instrumentation and operator training. However, with conventional inspection from the top surface using a transducer at normal incidence (0o to the normal to the surface) producing a visual picture in the form of a C-scan, it is very tie consuming to point-by-point inspects large aircraft wing skin areas. In addition it is too ....etc

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