History of 64-bit Computing: AMD64 and Intel Itanium Processors
64-bit History
• “640K ought to be enough for anybody” – Bill Gates
• 64-bit twice as fast as 32-bits?
• Benefits of 64-bit technology
• Applications of 64-bit technology
AMD64 Outline
• AMD Athlon 64 Specifications
• Operating Modes
• Register overview
• DDR controller and Hypertransport
AMD Athlon 64 Specifications
Infrastructure Socket 754
Number of Transistors 105.9 million
64-bit Instruction Set ....etc

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A New Bit-Allocation Scheme for Coding of Digital Audio Using Psychoacoustic Modeling

Abstract:
In this paper we present a modified adaptive bit-allocation scheme for coding of audio signals using psychoacoustic modeling. Statistical redundancy reduction (lossless coding) generally gives compression ratios up to 2. We increase this ratio using perceptual irrelevancy removal (lossy coding). In this work MPEG-1 Layer-1 standard for psychoacoustic modeling is used and compression is improved by modifying the bit-allocation ....etc

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The principal of Built-in-test and self-test has been widely applied to the design and testing of complex, mixed-signal electronic systems, such as integrated circuits (IC s) and multi fractional instrumentation . A system with BIT is characterized by its ability to identify its operation condition by itself, through the testing and diagnosis capabilities built into its in structure. To ensure reliable performance, testability needs to be incorporated into the early stage of system and product design. Various techniques have been developed o ....etc

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BIT for Intelligent system design

The principal of Built-in-test and self-test has been widely applied to the design and testing of complex, mixed-signal electronic systems, such as integrated circuits (IC s) and multifractional instrumentation . A system with BIT is characterized by its ability to identify its operation condition by itself, through the testing and diagnosis capabilities built into its in structure. To ensure reliable performance, testability needs to be incorporated into the early stage of system and product design. Vari ....etc

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Introduction

This report presents three main topics we investigated as part of a project to build a Booth encoded multiply/accumulate VLSI chip. The original scope of work included synthesizing VHDL code using the Mentor Graphics tools. Exemplar was the VHDL compiler. Leonardo Spectrum was the synthesizer. Since my team, which included Kevin Delaney, did not meet a Mosis deadline our chip funding was lost. Since we did not actually fabricate a chip, we cannot discuss the success of our results. Likewise, VHDL synthesis using the ....etc

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Introduction
The question of why we need 64-bit computing is often asked but rarely answered in a satisfactory manner. There are good reasons for the confusion surrounding the question.That is why first of all; let's look through the list of users who need 64 addressing and 64-bit calculations today: oUsers of CAD, designing systems, simulators do need RAM over 4 GB. Although there are ways to avoid this limitation (for example, Intel PAE), it impacts the performance. Thus, the Xeon processors support the 36bit addressing mode where they can a ....etc

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i want to make 16 bit microprocessor using vhdl as my final year project.......so i request to plz send me its details and also vhdl code......thanx
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interfacing of 8 bit ADC with 8085 description ....etc

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64-Bit Computing

The question of why we need 64-bit computing is often asked but rarely answered in a satisfactory manner. There are good reasons for the confusion surrounding the question. That is why first of all; let's look through the list of users who need 64 addressing and 64-bit calculations today: oUsers of CAD, designing systems, simulators do need RAM over 4 GB. Although there are ways to avoid this limitation (for example, Intel PAE), it impacts the performance.

Thus, the Xeon proces ....etc

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Prepared by:
Abhinav Khandelwal

Abstract

VHDL is a programming language that allows one to model and develop complex digital systems in a dynamic environment. VHDL is an acronym for very high-speed integrated circuit hardware description language. It is a general-purpose hardware description language that is specifically designed to describe the organization and function of digital hardware system, circuit boards & components at many level of abstraction ranging from simple gate to complete digital elect ....etc

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