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Characteristics of Operational Amplifiers

In analog computers and similar circuits, we make the assumption that the key component of the circuit — the operational amplifier — is perfect and ideal, with an infinite voltage gain and zero input current. Unfortunately, this is not possible in real-world devices. The questions we need to answer, then, are: how close can we come to the ideal, and how much error will be introduced into the results?
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A very typical ....etc

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Class-D Amplifiers

Class D amplifiers present us with a revolutionary solution, which would help us eliminate loss and distortions caused due to conversion of digital signals to analog while amplifying signals before transmitting it to speakers. This inchoate piece of knowledge could prove to detrimental in improving and redefining essence of sound and take it to a different realm.

This type of amplifiers do not require the use of D-A conversion and hence reduce the costs incurred for developin ....etc

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The magnetic amplifier (colloquially known as the mag amp) is an electromagnetic device for amplifying electrical signals. The magnetic amplifier was invented early in the 20th century, and was used as an alternative to vacuum tube amplifiers where robustness and high current capacity were required. World War II Germany perfected this type of amplifier, and it was used for instance in the V-2 rocket. The magnetic amplifier has now been largely superseded by the transistor-based amplifier, except in a few safety critical, high reliability or ....etc

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Class D amplifiers present us with a revolutionary solution, which would help us eliminate loss and distortions caused due to conversion of digital signals to analog while amplifying signals before transmitting it to speakers. This inchoate piece of knowledge could prove to detrimental in improving and redefining essence of sound and take it to a different realm.

This type of amplifiers do not require the use of D-A conversion and hence reduce the costs incurred for developing state of art output technology. The digital output from sources s ....etc

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Common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is important performance parameter of any difference amplifier. It is the ratio of the differential gain to the common-mode gain, generally expressed in dB. It signifies the ability of an opamp to reject common mode signal, the signal which appears simultaneously at both its input terminals. The CMRR is of great importance when it comes to noise rejection. For applications involving high CMRR, instrumentation amplifiers consisting of three opamps are generally used. It has a major disadvantage that the value o ....etc

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Class D amplifiers present us with a revolutionary solution, which would help us eliminate loss and distortions caused due to conversion of digital signals to analog while amplifying signals before transmitting it to speakers. This inchoate piece of knowledge could prove to detrimental in improving and redefining essence of sound and take it to a different realm.

This type of amplifiers do not require the use of D-A conversion and hence reduce the costs incurred for developing state of art output technology. The digital output from sources s ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

Function of Amplifiers
Amplifiers provides
GAIN
Filtering, Signal processing, Correction for Nonlinearities
Ideal OP Amps
Transfer Function = Output / Input
Voltage Amp TF (Gain):

Usually Av  1
OP Amp is preferred
Easy to use in circuit designed compared to discrete Transistor circuits
Ideal OP Amps (Cont.)
Assumptions
Open loop Gain = Infinity
Input Impedance Rd = Infinity
Output Impedance Ro = 0
Bandwidth = Infinity
Infinite Frequency Response
vo=0 when v1 = v2
No Offset V ....etc

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A magnetic amplifier is a device which controls the power delivered from an a.c. source by employing a controllable non linear reactive elements or circuit generally interposed in series with the load. The power required to control the reactive element or circuit is made for less than the amount of power controlled; and hence power amplification is achieved. The non-linear reactive element is a saturable reactor. When used in a combination with a set of high-grade rectifiers, it exhibits power amplification properties in the sense that small ch ....etc

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