Abstract
LEO is Low Earth Orbit satellite.It circulates on a lower orbit in a shorter period . Additionally LEO systems try to ensure a high elevation for every spot of the earth to provide a highquality communication page link . The networks will play an important role in the evolving information infrastructure . It provides communication with shorter endto- end delays and e_ciency frequency usages . Some problems need to be solved before LEO satellite system can be successfully deployed . One of these problems is handover management . Even ....etc

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,please give the detailes abt this topic ....etc

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Definition
Over the last decade, the growth of satellite service, the rise of digital cable, and the birth of HDTV have all left their mark on the television landscape. Now, a new delivery method threatens to shake things up even more powerfully. Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) has arrived, and backed by the deep pockets of the telecommunications industry, it's poised to offer more interactivity and bring a hefty dose of competition to the business of selling TV.

IPTV describes a system capable of receiving and displaying a video stream ....etc

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Television systems that have a resolution that meets standards but not considered high definition, this is what Standard-definition television or SDTV refers to. This usually refers to digital television, especially while broadcasting at the same (or similar) resolution as analog systems. In ATSC, SDTV can be broadcast in 704 pixels × 480 lines with 16:9 aspect ratio (40:33 rectangular pixel), 704 pixels × 480 lines with 4:3 aspect ratio (10:11 rectangular pixel) or 640 pixels × 480 lines with 4:3 ratio (and squ ....etc

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Satellite television is television delivered by way of communications satellites, as compared to conventional terrestrial television and cable television. In many areas of the world satellite television services supplement older terrestrial signals, providing a wider range of channels and services, including subscription-only services. ....etc

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hey can anyone more info regarding satellite tv? ....etc

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Television systems that have a resolution that meets standards but not considered high definition, this is what Standard-definition television or SDTV refers to. This usually refers to digital television, especially while broadcasting at the same (or similar) resolution as analog systems. In ATSC, SDTV can be broadcast in 704 pixels ? 480 lines with 16:9 aspect ratio (40:33 rectangular pixel), 704 pixels ? 480 lines with 4:3 aspect ratio (10:11 rectangular pixel) or 640 pixels ? 480 lines with 4:3 ratio (and square pixels). The refresh rate can ....etc

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Internet Protocol Television (IPTV)

Over the last decade, the growth of satellite service, the rise of digital cable, and the birth of HDTV have all left their mark on the television landscape. Now, a new delivery method threatens to shake things up even more powerfully. Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) has arrived, and backed by the deep pockets of the telecommunications industry, it's poised to offer more interactivity and bring a hefty dose of competition to the business of selling TV.

IPT ....etc

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IPTV is a method of delivering broadcast television and on-demand, rich media content that uses an Internet protocol (IP) network as the medium. Any broadband IP network can be used for IPTV. However, IPTV is most prominently used as the primary mechanism for carriers, such as telephone companies (telcos), and cable and satellite TV carriers, to deliver television to mass audiences over existing communications infrastructures. IPTV offers carriers flexibility and added value in the form of additional services that can be offered to customers, w ....etc

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Definition
Direct to home (DTH) television is a wireless system for delivering television programs directly to the viewer's house. In DTH television, the broadcast signals are transmitted from satellites orbiting the Earth to the viewer's house. Each satellite is located approximately 35,700 km above the Earth in geosynchronous orbit. These satellites receive the signals from the broadcast stations located on Earth and rebroadcast them to the Earth.

The viewer's dish picks up the signal from the satellite and passes it on to the receiver l ....etc

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