Under the guidance
S.Arunmozhi

Submitted by,
V.Mahalakshmy




Introduction

Wavelength division multiplexing
- multiple optical carrier signals of unique wavelengths on a single fiber cable.

Advantages of WDM
-high bandwidth.
-extremely low error rate.
-low signal attenuation.
-More secure.
....etc

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Congestion Control Algorithm for Tree-based Reliable Multicast Protocols

Abstract:
This project contains a detailed description of the congestion control algorithm of tree-based reliable multicast protocol. This algorithm takes advantage of regular acknowledgements from the receivers that propagate back to the sender via the repair tree. This scalable feedback mechanism is used to collect receiver credits. Complementing the windowing mechanism, packet transmission is smoothed by using a data rate commensurate with the window size. A ....etc

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Reliable Multicasting in MANETs

Abstract
Multicasting is the transmission of datagramâ„¢s (packets) to a group of zero or more hosts identified by a single destination address. Maintaining group membership information and building an optimal multicast distribution structure (typically in the form of a routing tree) is challenging even in wired networks. However, nodes are increasingly mobile. One particularly challenging environment for multicast is a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). This report provides an in-dept ....etc

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Optimal State Allocation for Multicast Communications with Explicit Multicast Forwarding- IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS, VOL. 19, NO. 4, - Java

Abstract—
In this paper, we propose a scalable and adaptive multicast forwarding mechanism based on Explicit Multicast (Xcast). This mechanism optimizes the allocation of forwarding states in routers and can be used to improve the scalability of traditional IP multicast and Source-Specific Multicast. Compared with previous work, our mechanism needs fewer routers in ....etc

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Network Congestion Control Algorithm for Tree Based reliable Multicast Protocols

ABSTRACT

A Congestion Control algorithm for Tree Based reliable Multicast Protocols is a collection of nodes that are dynamically and arbitrarily located in such a manner that the interconnections between nodes are capable of changing on a continual basis. Multicasting is to send single copy of a packet to all of those of clients that requested it, and not to send multiple copies of a packet over the same portion of the network, nor to send packets to ....etc

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Reliable Adaptive Modulation and Interference Mitigation for
Mobile Radio Slow Frequency Hopping Channels

Abstract—

The Long Range Fading Prediction algorithm for
Slow Frequency Hopping (SFH) systems is proposed and demonstrated
to enable combined Adaptive Modulation and adaptive
Frequency Diversity to mitigate the effects of fading and partialband
interference. Significant performance gains are demonstrated
relative to non-adaptive methods in realistic mobile
radio SFH channels where the total ba ....etc

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In optical WDM networks, since each lightpath can carry a huge mount of traffic, failures may seriously damage the end-user applications.As a result, fault-tolerance is an important issue in these networks. The primary path is the light path which carries traffic during normal operation. in case of a failure, the traffic is rerouted on a backup path. a reliable and fault-tolerant routing algorithm is discussed in this paper for establishing primary and backup path. load balancing is used to establish the primary path. In this method, the pa ....etc

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Energy efficiency is one of the major concerns in wireless sensor networks as the network lifetime depends on it. This article investigates the relationship between the sensor network performance, particularly its lifetime, and the number of active reporting nodes N. The analytical and simulation approaches are both used in this process. decreasing the number of reporting nodes
increases the number of reports which are to be sent to the sink if a desired information reliability about a detected event is to be achieved. If the the number of r ....etc

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Abstract
Two of the existing reliable transport layer protocols for wireless sensor networks- Distributed TCP Caching and Event To Sink Reliable Transport protocol, does not score well in terms of efficiency. Considering the total number of retransmissions as a QoS parameter for efficiency, our protocol k-RTP ( k Hop Reliable Transport Protocol ) is promising. In our protocol only the nodes do cache the packets and retransmit them in case of packet loss. The value of k is varied dynamically depending on the rate of packet loss in the network. ....etc

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Sprinkler, a reliable data dissemination service for wireless embedded devices which are constrained in energy, processing speed, and memory. Sprinkler embeds a virtual grid over the network whereby it can locally compute a connected dominating set of the devices to avoid redundant transmissions ,and a transmission schedule to avoid collisions. Sprinkler transmits O(1) times the optimum number of packets in O(1) of the optimum latency; its time complexity is O(1). Thus, Sprinkler is suitable for resource-constrained wireless embedded devices. ....etc

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