There are 3 leads in a transistor viz. collector,emitter and base. When a transistor is to be connected in a circuit,it is necessary to know which terminal is which.
There are three systems in general from which we can determine which terminal is which,they are as follows
http://farm4.static.flickr3391/3659964364_72d718d281.jpg
1. When the leads of the transistor are in same plane and unevenly spaced then they are identified by the position and spacing of leads. The central lead is the base lead.the collector lead is identified b ....etc

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PROJECT REPORT ON
FULLYAUTOMATED BURNER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING PLC

FACT (THE FERTILIZERS AND CHEMICALS TRAVANCORE LIMITED) was set up in 1944 on the banks of river Periyar at Udyogamandal, Ernakulam. In decades that followed, multistage expansion programming was undertaken bringing in the latest technology of the days, which were quickly mastered and I successfully implemented.
In 1962, FACT came under the government of India. A second fertilizers production unit called Cochin Division (CD) at Ambalamughal and two ....etc

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ABSTRACT

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) is a modulation and multiple access technique that has been explored for over 20 years. Only recently has it been finding its way into commercial communications systems. OFDM, or multitone modulation, is presently used in a number of commercial wired and wireless applications. In order for any mobile system to create a rich user experience, it must provide ubiquitous, fast and user-friendly connectivity. OFDM has several unique properties that make it especially well suited to handle ....etc

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INFRARED HEADPHONE

ABSTRACT

The circuit for INFRARED HEADPHONE is designed to demonstrate the transmission and reception of audio signal through ! infrared radiations. The infrared rays generated by the transmitter circuit are received by the receiver circuit after transmission through air. This communication is much more effective than ordinary communication. It helps to receive audio signals from any audio device like T.V,radio etc.
i
without disturbing others. It provides minimum transmission loss. It is a low ....etc

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Submitted by: - ANKUSH BILLAWARIA

ABSTRACT
This project has been a great learning experience for me; at the same time it gave me enough scope to implement my analytical ability. This project as a whole can be divided into two parts:
The first part gives an insight about the footwear and its various aspects. It is purely based on whatever I learned at Sarup Tanneries. One can have a brief knowledge about footwear and all its basics through the project. Other than t ....etc

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Abstract
Bionics is a field, which combines both electronics and biology. In simple terms, when we think about bionics, it is generally more about prosthetic arms or leg enhancement worn outside the body and, to some extend, even implanted sensor devices inside the body, which are essentially enhanced to carry out certain routine tasks. These are essentially life systems that are powered by motors/actuators and sensory arrays. These send neural signals from affected part of the body to the brain, by which individual are ....etc

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CORDLESS SECURITY SYSTEM

MINI PROJECT REPORT



Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of B.TECH IN APPLIED ELECTRONICS & INSTRUMENTATION from THE UNIVERSITY OF KERALA


By
SABARINATH P M
RENJITH E R
NIEL V JOSEPH
S6 Applied Electronics And Instrumentation,
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TRIVANDRUM

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ABSTRACT

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) is a modulation and multiple access technique that has been explored for over 20 years. Only recently has it been finding its way into commercial communications systems. OFDM, or multitone modulation, is presently used in a number of commercial wired and wireless applications. In order for any mobile system to create a rich user experience, it must provide ubiquitous, fast and user-friendly connectivity. OFDM has several unique properties that make it especially well suited to handle ....etc

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ABSTRACT
The recent growth of power circuit capacities has caused fault currents to increase. Since the protection of power systems from the fault currents is very important, it is needed to develop a fault current limiter. A fault current limiter is required to assure (1) rapid reaction to fault currents, (2) how impedance in normal operation and (3) large impedance during fault conditions. A super conducting fault current limiter (SCFCL) can meet these requirem ....etc

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Surface mount technology is an easiest and prefect form of mounting components in Printed Circuit Boards. It entails making reliable interconnections on the board at great speeds, at reduced cost. To achieve these, SMT needed new types of surface mount components, new testing techniques, new assembling technique, new mounting techniques and a new set of design guidelines. SMT is completely different from insertion mounting. The difference depends on the availability and cost of surface mounting elements. Thus the designer has no choice other th ....etc

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