Abstract—Given a data point set , a query point set , and an integer , the Group Nearest Group (GNG) query finds a subset ( ) of points from such that the total distance from all points in to the nearest point in is not greater than any other subset ( ) of points in . GNG query is a partition-based clustering problem which can be found in many real applications and is NP-hard. In this paper, Exhaustive Hierarchical Combination (EHC) algorithm and Subset Hierarchial Refinement (SHR) algorithm are developed for GNG query pr ....etc

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Traffic light controller using 8051
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Laser Micro-Patterning by Means of Optical Fibers with Micro-grinded Lens End Faces




Introduction

Nano-patterning of polymer surface has found a wide range of applications including biotechnology, where holes in the size of hundreds – nm can influence the growth and differentiation of relatively large living cells . Instead of the e-beam patterning technique used in the Ref. 1, we ap-plied direct writing by laser-light. In our previous papers , w ....etc

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On the macro scale, feedback control is routinely applied to improve performance and enable new tasks in complex and uncertain systems operating in noisy environments. Our lab has focused on applying feedback control ideas to systems on the micro scale. Here we show how control methods can improve existing performance in the UCLA lab-on-a-chip electrowetting system and can create entirely new capabilities in our 'micro fluidic tweezers' cell steering devices.In the Electro-Wetting-On-Dielectric (EWOD) system developed at UCLA by CJ Kim, a grid ....etc

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Demand for the research and development of the micro-manufacturing technologies is being fueled by the ever-increasing trend towards miniaturization over a wide spectrum of disciplines and industries. Recent technological advancement in the defense, biomedical, telecom-munications, consumer electronics have spearheaded the need for micromanufacturing technology, which is now beginning to find application in the automotive and aerospace industries due to the economic potential of the micro-factory paradigm. Micro-scale mechanical manufacturing p ....etc

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Fiber Optics is a significant technology used
Fiber Optics is a significant technology used in many different areas of communications. With the explosion of the internet, fiber optics can readily provide the capacity of data that is transmitted with its gigabit speeds. As more breakthroughs in technology occur, it will spread to every aspect of the industry. Telephones, Fax Machines, Radios, Television Broadcasting, and even satellites use this highly reliable light wave technology. The telecommunications industry receives the most benefits f ....etc

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Optical fiber (or fiber optic) refers to the medium and the technology associated with the transmission of information as light pulses along a glass or plastic wire or fiber. Optical fiber carries much more information than conventional copper wire and is in general not subject to electromagnetic interference and the need to retransmit signals. Most telephone company long-distance lines are now of optical fiber.

Transmission on optical fiber wire requires repeaters at distance intervals. The glass fiber requires more protection within an ....etc

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Optical fiber (or fiber optic) refers to the medium and the technology associated with the transmission of information as light pulses along a glass or plastic wire or fiber. Optical fiber carries much more information than conventional copper wire and is in general not subject to electromagnetic interference and the need to retransmit signals. Most telephone company long-distance lines are now of optical fiber.

Transmission on optical fiber wire requires repeaters at distance intervals. The glass fiber requires more protection within an ....etc

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Advatages of optic theodolite explain it say some thing about it ....etc

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