Present project is designed using 8051 microcontroller to avoid railway accidents happening at unattended railway gates, if implemented in spirit. This project utilizes two powerful IR transmitters and two receivers; one pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed at up side (from where the train comes) at a level higher than a human being in exact alignment and similarly the other pair is fixed at down side of the train direction. Sensor activation time is so adjusted by calculating the time taken at a certain speed to cross at least one compart ....etc

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Surveillance, Espionage or spying involves individual obtaining information that is considered secret or confidential without the permission of the holder of the information. Spying area in military ground where enemy stay can be took before taking any action.
A robot is a virtual or mechanical artificial agent. In practice, it is usually an electro mechanical system which, by its appearance or movements, conveys a sense that it has intent or agency of its own.
Our aim in building this projec ....etc

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CHAPTER 1
DEFINITION
1.1 Definition
“Audio amplifier is defined as the device which is used to convert the audio signal into a electrical signal and then amplify it to a specific level.”
Or
“Audio amplifier is a device which selects the frequency of audio range i.e. 20Hz to 200 kHz and amplifies that frequency signal.”
Audio amplifier works with some basic components of electronics these are microphone, operational amplifier, transistors & speaker. The microphone collects the audio signal an ....etc

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CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION……………..……………………………………………………. 2
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM………………………………………………………………… 4
3. BLOCK DESCRIPTION…….……………………………………………………...5
4. THEORY & PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION…. ………………………………….6
5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM………..……………………………………………………. 8
6. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION…… ....etc

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Is simply pleased to enjoy somewhat several pleasure delight

Within the useless regarding nights occasion, usually love to lie to believe several affairs associated with pettinesses around the mattress.Pay attention to the noise of your Zhi of the Zhen Xin Luo Zhi, hear ownly in the poor center palpitates speech, additionally watch a movie of give up pal to occasionally propagate of laughter& hellip;…Which usually do not know the success is a type of enjoyment?Which have no idea win associated with pleased?Which in turn don't know the ....etc

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Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
i.Background
The path of exploring the final year project had many barriers, but it made us imbibe some valuable knowledge of the field. We started searching project from internet and various magazines. We saw a number of projects from EFY and CHIP Magazine. We came across many projects on DC motor control, tachometer and RPM meters; but all these projects seemed to be very common, so using this concept we thought to have the idea of counting the RPM of any motor and we discussed this topic with our ....etc

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Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS) is one of the most important breaks through in the field of telecommunication. IVRS provide a voice response to the customers and guide them to the information they require. The customers can call up any institute such as banks, universities, tourism industry and obtain any information by simply pressing certain button on his telephone as per the guidance of the voice fed into the computer.IVRS is an electronic device through which information is available related to any topic. IVRS is usually employed ....etc

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INTRODUCTION

Background
Before giving any explanation of INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE SYSTEM this project mainly depends on the embedded system and microcontroller.
1.1 Basics of embedded system:
An embedded system is a special-purpose system in which the computer is completely encapsulated by or dedicated to the device or system it controls. Unlike a g ....etc

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Good day

I am looking to verify my understand of the timing of the push-pull PWM mode of the dsPIC30F1010.

I am looking to have the pulse width incremental by 50ns. From my understanding this would equate to Fosc of 1.25MHz. 50ns = 1/(1.25MHz x 8 x 2). Eight being the frequency divider after the PLL and two being used since the input the PWM module is effectively doubled in frequency due to the clocking using the rising and falling edge for counting? Does this thinking make sense?

I calculate a maximum period of 3.2768ms. (2^1 ....etc

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YES I WANT PPT ON CLASS B PUSH PULL AMPLIFIER ....etc

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SEMINAR REPORT ON SMPS
Presented BY
PRIYANKA N.
VIDYA VIKAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION:
SMPS i.e. Switch Mode Power Supply, before starting to introduce this topic we first have to
know what power supplies are
Power Supply: A device for the conversion of available power of one set of characteristics to
another set of characteristics to meet specified requirements.
Conventional series regulated linear supplies maintain a constant voltage by dissipating excess
power in ohmic ....etc

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push pull inverter simulation using matlab ....etc

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Automatic Railway Gate Controller Using Stepper Motor

ABSTRACT

This project work aims at the design, development, fabrication and testing of working model entitled Automatic Railway Gate Controller. It is basically related to Radio communication and signalling system. An Automatic Railway gate controller is unique in which the railway gate is closed and opened or operated by the Train itself by eliminating the chances of human errors.
The largest public sector in India is the Railways. The network of Indian Railwa ....etc

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Mobile Phones and the related technologies are becoming more and more ubiquitous. Various technical arenas in the field of Telecommunication and Embedded Systems have come very near to the common people. The number of people with cell phones is on the rise. A day will come, somewhere in the near future, when a mobile phone is referred to in the same class of Food, clothing and shelter. Improvements in the Networking technologies have fostered growth of very dense networks. Land li ....etc

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