ABSTRACT
Laser ignition has become an active research topic in recent years because it has the potential to replace the conventional electric spark plugs in engines Compared to conventional spark ignition. Laser ignition allows more flexible choice of the ignition location inside the combustion chamber with the possibility to ignite even inside the fuel spray .Modern engines are required to operate under much higher compression ratios, faster compression rates, and much leaner fuel-to-air ratios than gas engines toda ....etc

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Abstract
The development of four-stroke, spark-ignition engines that are designed to inject gasoline directly into the combustion
chamber is an important worldwide initiative of the automotive industry. The thermodynamic potential of such engines for
significantly enhanced fuel economy, transient response and cold-start hydrocarbon emission levels has led to a large number of
research and development projects that have the goal of understanding, developing and optimizing gasoline direct-injection
(GDI) combustion systems. The proces ....etc

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H ....etc

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INTRODUCTION
In recent years, legislative and market requirements have driven the need to reduce fuel consumption while meeting increasingly stringent exhaust emissions. This trend has dictated increasing complexity in automotive engines and new approaches to engine design. A key research objective for the automotive engineering community has been the potential combination of gasoline-engine specific power with diesel-like engine efficiency in a cost-competitive, production-feasible power train. One pr ....etc

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Gasoline direct injection or GDI is a variant of fuel injection employed in modern four stroke petrol engines. The gasoline or biobutanol is injected right into the combustion chamber of each cylinder, as opposed to conventional multi point fuel injection that happens in the intake manifold.

GDI enables stratified charge (ultra lean burn) combustion for improved fuel efficiency and emission levels at low load. Further improving efficiency and high-load output-power, the engine power is governed by modulating fuel injection, like a diesel eng ....etc

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Gasoline direct injection or GDI is a variant of fuel injection employed in modern four stroke petrol engines. The gasoline or biobutanol is injected right into the combustion chamber of each cylinder, as opposed to conventional multi point fuel injection that happens in the intake manifold.

GDI enables stratified charge (ultra lean burn) combustion for improved fuel efficiency and emission levels at low load. Further improving efficiency and high-load output-power, the engine power is governed by modulating fuel injection, like a diesel eng ....etc

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ABSTRACT
A high-frequency electrical resonance-based ignition concept
is in development to replace conventional spark ignition
functionality for gasoline engines employing various types of
fuel injection methods. The concept provides the benefit of a
continuous discharge phase and the electrical power of the
discharge can also be adjusted to the needs of the combustion
conditions.
This concept employs an alternative method of generating
high voltages, using inductors and capacitors trimmed such
that the supplied energy steadil ....etc

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want report for gasoline direct injection.... ....etc

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Modeling of Gasoline Direct Injection Mixture Formation Using
KIVA-3V: Development of Spray Breakup & Wall Impingement
Models and Validation with Optical Engine Planar
Laser Induced Fluorescence Measurements.

ABSTRACT
The computational code KIVA-3V has been used as the modeling platform for Gasoline Direct Injection enginesimulations. Improved models for fuel injection, wall impingement and stratified combustion have been implemented.To complement the modeling effort, experimental data of an optical engine has provided extensive ....etc

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